10.1.1 Organization and Content (2016)
This chapter is organized as follows:
•10.1 Introduction to Covered Processes
•10.2 Enclosed Parking Garages
•10.3 Commercial Kitchens
•10.4 Computer Rooms
•10.5 Commercial Refrigeration (exception removed)
•10.6 Refrigerated Warehouses
•10.7 Laboratory Exhaust
•10.8 Compressed Air Systems
•10.9 Process Boilers
•10.10 Elevator Lighting and Ventilation Controls (New for 2016)
•10.11 Escalators and Moving Walkways Speed Controls (New for 2016)
10.5.1 Overview (2016)
B. What’s New in the 2016 Energy Standards
In the 2016 Energy Standards, the exception to §120.6(b)3 is no longer available. This affects retail food stores with 8,000 square feet or more of conditioned area that use either: refrigerated display cases, or walk-in coolers or freezers connected to remote compressor units or condensing units, which are normally open for business for less than 140 hours per week. These stores must now comply with §120.6(b)3, without exception.
10.10.1 Overview (2016)
§120.6(f) applies to all nonresidential new construction elevators, as well existing elevators undergoing major alterations involving mechanical equipment, lighting and /or controls. The goal behind this measure is to save energy by reducing light power density of the elevator cabin lighting and requiring a minimum wattage per cfm for ventilation fans in cabins without air conditioning. Both the lighting and ventilation fans are to be controlled in such a way to shut off when the elevator has been unoccupied for an extended period of time.
10.10.2 Mandatory Measures (§120.6(f)) (2016)
§120.6(f) is a mandatory measure that requires the following:
A. Elevator Lighting Power Density §120.6(f)1
The lighting power density of an elevator cabin shall not exceed 0.6 watts per square foot (W/sqft). This is determined by taking the total wattage of the elevator lighting and dividing by the area of the elevator in square feet. Interior signal lighting and interior display lighting are not included in the total wattage of the elevator lighting.
B. Elevator Ventilation cfm fan Performance §120.6(f)2
Ventilation fans for cabs without space conditioning shall not exceed 0.33 watts per cubic feet per minute of airflow (W/cfm) at maximum speed. Elevator cabs with space conditioning are excluded from this measure.
C. Elevator lighting and fan shutoff control §120.6(f)3
When the elevator cab is stopped and unoccupied with doors closed for over 15 minutes, the cab interior lighting and ventilation fans shall be switched off until elevator cab operation resumes. This can be accomplished with an occupancy sensor, or more elaborate built in elevator controls.
10.10.3 Prescriptive Measures (2016)
There are no prescriptive measures for elevators.
10.10.4 Additions and Alterations (2016)
•An elevator installation is considered an addition when the location of the installation did not previously contain an elevator.
•An alteration is a change to an existing elevator system that is not an addition or repair. An alteration could include installing new controls or a new lighting system.
Any addition or altered space must meet all applicable mandatory requirements. Repairs must not increase the preexisting energy consumption of the repaired component, system, or equipment; otherwise, it is considered to be an alteration.
10.11.1 Overview (2016)
§120.6(g) applies to nonresidential new construction escalators and moving walkways in airports, hotels, and transportation function areas, as well existing escalators and moving walkways undergoing major alterations involving mechanical equipment or controls in the same locations. The goal behind this measure is to save energy by reducing the full speed run time of the escalator by slowing it down when unoccupied.
10.11.2 Mandatory Measures (§120.6(g) (2016)
§120.6(f) is a mandatory measure that requires the following:
A. Escalator and Moving Walkway Speed Control §120.6(g)1
Escalators and moving walkways located in airports, hotels, and transportation function areas shall automatically slow to the minimum permitted speed in accordance with ASME A17.1/CSA B44 when not conveying passengers.
The ASME A17.1/CSA B44 2010 requirements for intermittent speed control on escalators and moving walkways are summarized below. These requirements are necessary to ensure maximum passenger safety when speeding up or slowing down escalators and moving walkways. In order to be compliant with Title 24, the escalator or moving walkway must also be compliant with ASME A17.1/CSA B44 2010. Additional safety requirements may exist in Title 8.
Variation of the escalator speed after start-up shall be permitted provided the escalator installation conforms to all of the following:
(a) The acceleration and deceleration rates shall not exceed 0.3 m/s² (1.0 ft/s²).
(b) The rated speed is not exceeded.
(c) The minimum speed shall be not less than 0.05 m/s (10 ft/min).
(d) The speed shall not automatically vary during inspection operation.
(e) Passenger detection means shall be provided at both landings of the escalator such that:
i. Detection of any approaching passenger shall cause the escalator to accelerate to, or maintain the, full escalator speed conforming to (a) through (d) above.
ii. Detection of any approaching passenger shall occur sufficiently in advance of boarding to cause the escalator to attain full operating speed before a passenger walking at normal speed [1.35 m/s (270 fpm)] reaches the comb plate.
iii. Passenger detection means shall remain active at the egress landing to detect any passenger approaching against the direction of escalator travel and shall cause the escalator to accelerate to full rated speed and sound the alarm at the approaching landing before the passenger reaches the comb plate.
(f) Automatic deceleration shall not occur before a period of time has elapsed, since the last passenger detection that is greater than 3 times the amount of time necessary to transfer a passenger between landings.
(g) Means shall be provided to detect failure of the passenger detection means and shall cause the escalator to operate at full rated speed only.
Figure 10-42 –Example of Pedestrian Detection Method using Motion Sensors
Figure 10-43 –Example of Pedestrian Detection Method Using Guide Rails and Infrared Beam Sensors
Escalator speed control is require only in airports, hotels, and transportation function areas. A transportation function area is defined in Section 100.1 of Title 24 as the ticketing area, waiting area, baggage handling areas, concourse, in an airport terminal, bus or tail terminal or station, subway or transit station, or a marine terminal. The reason behind limiting the scope of this measure was to focus on escalators and moving walkways that experience pedestrian flow rates in waves, and are more likely to operate 24 hours a day. An escalator in a busy shopping mall that only operates 12 hours a day may experience a constant pedestrian flow rate throughout the day and would rarely slow down and therefore save little energy. For these continuously busy applications during the operating hours of the escalator, the speed control would not be cost effective.
10.11.3 Prescriptive Measures (2016)
There are no prescriptive measures for escalators or moving walkways.
10.11.4 Additions and Alterations (2016)
•An escalator or moving walkway installation is considered an addition when the location of the installation did not previously contain an escalator.
•An alteration is a change to an existing escalator or moving walkway system that is not an addition or repair. An alteration could include installing new controls or motor.
•A repair is the reconstruction or renewal of any part of an existing escalator or moving walkway system for the purpose of its maintenance. For example, a repair could include the replacement of a damaged step or handrail.
Any addition or altered space must meet all applicable mandatory requirements. Repairs must not increase the preexisting energy consumption of the repaired component, system, or equipment; otherwise, it is considered to be an alteration.