An outdoor
lighting installation complies with the Energy Code if the actual outdoor lighting power is no
greater than the allowed outdoor lighting power. This section describes the
procedures and methods for complying with §140.7.
The
allowed outdoor lighting power is the sum of the general hardscape allowance, and additional
lighting power allowances.
• The
general hardscape allowance is for luminaires that provide general hardscape
lighting to hardscape areas such as parking lots, walkways, roadways, and other
improved areas that are illuminated. The general hardscape allowance is
calculated using the general hardscape area and perimeter length.
•
Additional lighting power allowances are used for specific outdoor
lighting applications such as outdoor dining areas, building entrances and exits, and outdoor
sales frontage. These allowances are calculated per application (W per
occurrence), per unit length (W/ft.), or per area (W/ft2).
The
allowed lighting power must be calculated for the general hardscape lighting of
the site and for specific applications if desired. (See §140.7(d))
The
allowed outdoor lighting power is calculated by lighting zone as defined in §10-114.
Local governments may amend lighting zones in compliance with §10-114.
See Section 6.4.1 for more information about amending outdoor ordinances by
local jurisdictions.
The
actual power of outdoor lighting is the total wattage of all nonexempt lighting
systems that will be installed (including ballast, driver, or transformer loss)
(See §140.7[c]).
The wattage of outdoor luminaires must be determined in accordance with
§130.0(c)|topic=(c)
Luminaire classification and power. or Reference
Nonresidential Appendix NA8. See Section 5.3 for more information about
determining luminaire wattage.
H. Allowed Lighting
Power
The
Energy Code establish maximum allowed outdoor lighting power that can be
installed. The allowed outdoor lighting power must be determined according to
the outdoor lighting zone in which the site is located. See Section
6.3 for more information about outdoor lighting zones.
An
outdoor lighting installation complies with the lighting power requirements if
the actual outdoor lighting power installed is no greater than the allowed
outdoor lighting power calculated under §140.7(d)
and complies with certain stipulations associated with specific special
application allowances. The allowed lighting power shall be the combined total
of the sum of the general hardscape lighting allowance determined in accordance
with §140.7(d)1,
and the sum of the additional lighting power allowance for specific applications
determined in accordance with §140.7(d)2.
I.
Illuminated Area
With
indoor lighting applications, the entire floor area is illuminated for the
determining the allowed lighting power. However, for outdoor lighting
applications, the number of luminaires, mounting heights and layout affect the
presumed illuminated area and, therefore, the allowed lighting power.
The area
of the lighting application may not include any areas on the site that are not
illuminated. The area beyond the last luminaire is considered illuminated only
if it is located within 5 mounting heights of the nearest luminaire.
In plan
view of the site, the “illuminated area” is defined as any hardscape area within
a square pattern around each luminaire or pole that is 10 times the luminaire
mounting height, with the luminaire in the middle of the pattern. Another way to
envision this is to consider an illuminated area from a single luminaire as the
area that is 5 times the mounting height in four directions.
Illuminated areas shall not
include any area that is obstructed by any other structure, including a sign, within a building,
or areas beyond property lines.
The
primary purpose for validating the illuminated area is to exclude any areas that
are not illuminated. Areas that are illuminated by more than one luminaire shall
not be double-counted. An area is either illuminated or it is not illuminated.
When
luminaires are located farther apart (more than 10 times their mounting height
apart), then the illuminated area stops at 5 times the mounting height of each
luminaire.
Planters
and small landscape areas are included within the general hardscape area if the
short dimension of the inclusion is less than 10 ft. wide, and the inclusion is
bordered on at least three sides.
Landscape
areas that are greater than 10 ft. wide in the short dimension are excluded from
the general hardscape area calculation, but the perimeter of these exclusions
may be included.
The general hardscape allowance is
calculated based on the general hardscape area, perimeter length and lighting
zone that the property is located in.
J.
Calculation of Allowed Lighting Power — General Hardscape Lighting Power
Allowance
Hardscape is defined in §100.1. as an improvement to a site that is paved and
has other structural features, including, but not limited to, curbs, plazas,
entries, parking lots, site roadways, driveways, walkways, sidewalks, bikeways,
water features and pools, storage or service yards, loading docks,
amphitheaters, outdoor sales lots, and private monuments and statuary.
Determine the general hardscape
lighting power allowances as follows:
1.
The general hardscape area of a site shall include parking lot(s), roadway(s),
driveway(s), sidewalk(s), walkway(s), bikeway(s), plaza(s), bridge(s),
tunnel(s), and other improved area(s) that are illuminated. In plan view of the
site, determine the illuminated hardscape area, which is defined as any
hardscape area that is within a square pattern around each luminaire or pole that is 10 times
the luminaire mounting height with the luminaire in the middle of the pattern,
less any areas that are within a building, beyond the hardscape area, beyond property lines, or
obstructed by a structure. The illuminated hardscape area shall include portions
of planters and landscaped areas that are within the lighting application and
are less than or equal to 10 feet wide in the short dimensions and are enclosed
by hardscape or other improvement on at least three sides. Multiply the
illuminated hardscape area by the area wattage allowance (AWA) from Table 6-4
(Table 140.7-A) for the appropriate lighting zone.
2.
Determine the perimeter length of the general hardscape area. The total
hardscape perimeter is the length of the actual perimeter of the illuminated
hardscape on the property. It shall not include portions of hardscape that are
not illuminated according to §140.7(d)1A.
Multiply the hardscape perimeter by the linear wattage allowance (LWA) for
hardscape from Table 6-4 (Table 140.7-A) for the appropriate lighting zone.
Generally, if there is an enclosed exclusion in the area AWA calculation, the
perimeter may be included in the LWA calculation.
3.
The perimeter length for hardscape around landscaped areas and permanent
planters shall be determined as follows:
a.
Landscaped areas completely enclosed within the hardscape area, and with a width
or length a minimum of 10 feet wide, shall have the perimeter of the landscaped
areas or permanent planter added to the hardscape perimeter length.
b.
Landscaped areas completely enclosed within the hardscape area, and with a width
or length less than 10 feet wide, shall not be added to the hardscape perimeter
length.
c.
Landscaped edges that are not abutting the hardscape shall not be added to the
hardscape perimeter length.
4.
Determine the initial wattage allowance (IWA). The IWA can be used one time per
site. The purpose is to provide additional watts for small sites, or for odd
hardscape geometries. Add the IWA for general hardscape lighting from Table 6-4
(Table 140.7-A) for the appropriate lighting zone.
5.
The general hardscape lighting allowance shall be the sum of the allowed watts
determined from (1), (2) and (3) above.
Refer to
Figure 6-1 for a concept layout of the general hardscape lighting allowance for
area, and perimeter, as well as initial wattage allowance.
Table 6-3 (Table
140.7-A): General Hardscape Lighting Power Allowance
|
Type of
Power Allowance |
Lighting
Zone
03 |
Lighting
Zone
13 |
Lighting
Zone 23 |
Lighting
Zone 33 |
Lighting
Zone 43 |
|
Area Wattage Allowance (AWA) |
No allowance1 |
0.016 W/ft2 |
0.019 W/ ft2. |
0.021 W/ft2 |
0.024 W/ ft2 |
|
Linear Wattage Allowance (LWA) |
No allowance1 |
0.13 W/lf |
0.15 W/lf |
0.20 W/lf |
0.29 W/lf |
|
Initial Wattage Allowance (IWA) |
No allowance1 |
150 W |
200 W |
250 W |
320 W |
Footnotes to Table:
1 Continuous
lighting is explicitly prohibited in Lighting Zone 0. A single luminaire of 15
Watts or less may be installed at an entrance to a parking area, trail head, fee
payment kiosk, outhouse, or toilet facility, as required to provide safe
navigation of the site infrastructure. Luminaires installed shall meet the
maximum zonal lumen limits as specified in 130.2(b).
2
RESERVED.
3 Narrow band spectrum light sources with a dominant peak
wavelength greater than 580 nm – as mandated by local, state, or federal
agencies to minimize the impact on local, active professional astronomy or
nocturnal habitat of special local fauna – shall be allowed a 2.0 lighting power
allowance multiplier.
Table 140.7-A from the Energy
Standards
The
allowed lighting power for general hardscape lighting is calculated
using the following components:
1.
Area wattage allowance (AWA), which is expressed in watts per sq. ft.
2.
Linear wattage allowance (LWA), which is expressed in watts per linear foot.
3.
Initial wattage allowance (IWA), which is a flat allowance for each property and
is expressed in watts.
To determine the total allowed
power for general hardscape lighting, use the equation:
General Hardscape
Lighting Power Allowance = (Hardscape Area x AWA) + (Perimeter Length of
Hardscape Area x LWA) + IWA
Example 6-15: Outdoor Lighting for Healthcare
Facilities
Question
Is the parking lot outside of a healthcare facility (“I” occupancy)
regulated by the Energy Code?
Answer
Healthcare facilities overseen by the California Office
of Statewide Health Planning and Development (OSHPD) must comply with California
Energy Code including the outdoor lighting requirements for all outdoor areas of
healthcare facilities. For outdoor lighting, a licensed healthcare facility must
meet the outdoor lighting power requirements as specified in §140.7 as well as the outdoor lighting control requirements in
§130.2.
Example 6-16: Hardscape Materials for Parking
Lots
Question
Our overflow parking lot is covered with gravel. Is this
parking lot considered “hardscape,” and must it comply with the Energy
Code?
Answer
Yes, parking lots covered with gravel, or any other
material used to enhance the surface to accommodate parking or travel, such as
pavers, asphalt, cement, deck board, or other pervious or impervious materials
are considered hardscape and must comply with the requirements for hardscape
areas. Note that the updates to 140.7-A now cover all hardscape materials to the
same power allowances.
Example 6-17: Power Allowance for a Parking
Lot
Question
In a parking lot in front of a retail store, we are not
using the full general lighting power allowed according to Table 140.7-A. Can
we use the remaining allowance to illuminate the building entrance and the walkways
near the store to a higher level?
Answer
Yes. Because the general hardscape power allowance is
tradable, you may use the unused portion of the power allowance from the parking
lot to increase the illumination levels for other lighting applications, including
building entrance and walkway areas.
Example 6-18: Calculating the Illuminated Area of a
Parking Lot
Question
A
parking lot is illuminated by five cut-off wall packs mounted to an adjacent
building. The parking lot extends 100 ft. from the building. The luminaires are
mounted at a height of 15 ft. above the ground and spaced 50 ft. apart. How
large is the illuminated area?
Answer
The illuminated area extends a distance equal to five
times the mounting height in three directions. (The fourth direction is not
counted because it is obstructed by the building.) The illuminated area,
therefore, extends from the building 75 ft. The total illuminated area is 75 ft.
x 350 ft. or 26,250 ft.2
Example 6-19: Calculating the Illuminated
Area
Question 1
If a -ole mounted luminaire has a height of 15 ft., what
are the dimensions of the illuminated area used for power
calculations?
Answer 1
The illuminated area is defined as any area within a
square pattern around each luminaire or pole that is 10 times the luminaire
mounting height, with the luminaire in the middle of the pattern. It does not
include any area that is within a building, under a canopy, beyond property lines, or
obstructed by a sign
or structure. Therefore, for a 15 ft. pole-mounted luminaire, the area will be
described by a square that is 150 ft. (15 ft. x 10) on each side, or 22,500
ft2 (150 ft. x 150 ft.), minus areas that are beyond the property
line or other obstructions.
Question 2
If two poles are separated by a distance greater than 10
times the mounting height, will all of the square footage between them be
included in the general hardscape area?
Answer 2
In most applications, such as parking lots, these square
patterns will typically overlap, so the entire area of the parking lot between
poles will typically be included in the general hardscape area when determining
the lighting power budget. However, if the poles are so far apart that they
exceed 10 times the mounting height of the luminaires on the poles, and the
coverage squares do not overlap, then the nonilluminated areas between poles
cannot be included in the general hardscape area.
Example 6-20: Calculating the Power Allowance for a
Parking Lot
Question
The parking lot illustrated below has two luminaires
that are mounted at a height of 25 ft. What is the illuminated hardscape area
and what is the general hardscape lighting power allowance? The lot is in
Lighting Zone 3.
Image Source: California Energy
Commission
Answer
The poles are 40 ft. apart, and using the 10 times
mounting height rule, the illuminated area can be as large as 250 ft. by 290 ft.
The boundary of this illuminated area extends beyond the edges of the parking
lot as well as the entrance driveway, so the entire paved area is considered
illuminated. The landscaped island in middle and peninsula below the entrance
driveway are less than 10 ft. wide, so they are included as part of the
illuminated area, but not part of the hardscape perimeter. The landscaped
cutouts (20 x 20 ft.) in the corners of the parking lot are bound by pavement on
only two sides so they are not included. The total paved area is 11,196 sq. ft.
[(12,636 sq. ft. + 160 sq. ft. (driveway) – 1,600 sq. ft (cutouts)]. The
perimeter of the hardscape is 470 ft. [(2 x 77 ft.) + (2 x 68 ft.) + (8 x 20
ft.) + (2 X10 ft.)].
Three allowances make up the general hardscape
allowance: Area, Linear, and Initial. All allowances are based on Lighting Zone
3 and found in Table 6-3 (Table 140.7-A of the Energy Code).
The area wattage allowance is equal to 235.1
W.
The
linear wattage allowance is equal to 94 W.
The
initial wattage allowance (IWA) is 250 W for the entire site.
The
sum of these three allowances gives a total wattage allowance for the site of
579.1 W.
The calculations are tabulated below.
|
Type of Allowance |
Allowance |
Area/Perimeter Value |
Power Allowance |
|
Initial |
250 W |
- |
250 W |
|
Area |
0.021 W/sq. ft. |
11,196 sq. ft. |
235.1 W |
|
Perimeter |
0.2 W/LF |
470 ft. |
94 W |
|
- |
- |
Total Power Allowance: |
579.1 W |
Example 6-21: General Hardscape Surface
Question
Question
Before the 2022 Energy Code, Title 24-2019 allowed a
higher lighting power allowance for concrete hardscape surface. If I have a
concrete plaza, what is the allowed lighting power allowance I should use for
Title 24-2022? The plaza is 115 ft. long and 105 ft. wide in a Lighting Zone 3
location.
Answer
The distinction between different surface material types
was removed in Title 24-2022. The lighting power allowance will be based on the
Lighting Zone of the project location.
For a plaza located in Lighting Zone 3 the hardscape
area must first be calculated. The general hardscape area is 115 ft. x 105 ft.
or 12,075 sq. ft. The linear perimeter of this hardscape is the sum of the sides
115 ft. + 105 ft. + 115 ft. + 105 ft. or 440 ft.
Three allowances make up the total power allowance:
Area, Linear, and Initial.
However, the initial wattage allowance applies one time
to the entire site. It will be considered for usage for this plaza assuming that
there is no associated parking lot or other general hardscape area. All
allowances are based on the general hardscape Lighting Zone 3 application and
can be found in Table 6-3 (Table 140.7-A of the Energy Code).
The initial wattage allowance is equal to 250
W.
The area wattage allowance is equal to 253.6 W.
The linear wattage allowance is equal to 88.0
W.
The sum of these allowances gives a total wattage
allowance for the plaza of 591.6 W.
The calculation can also be tabulated as
below.
|
Type of Allowance |
Allowance |
Area/Perimeter Value |
Power Allowance |
|
Initial |
250 W |
- |
250 W |
|
Area |
0.021 W/sq. ft |
12,075 sq. ft. |
253.6 W |
|
Perimeter |
0.2 W/LF |
615 ft. |
88 W |
|
- |
- |
Total Power Allowance: |
591.6 W |
Example 6-22: Calculating the Power Allowance for a
Roadway
Question
A
300-ft.-long, 15-ft.-wide roadway leads through a wooded area to a hotel
entrance in Lighting Zone 2, and the owner wants to light the roadway with
luminaires mounted at a height of 20 ft. What is the allowed lighting power for
this roadway with asphalt surface?
Answer
The
hardscape area for the roadway must first be calculated. If the entire roadway
will be lit, then the 20 ft. poles will not be spaced more than 200 ft. apart
and not more than 100 ft. from the ends of the roadway. (Lighted area is 10
times the pole height.) The hardscape area therefore is 15 ft. x 300 ft. or
4,500 sq. ft. The linear perimeter of this hardscape is the sum of the sides
(not including the side that connects to the larger site) 300 ft. + 15 ft. + 300
ft. or 615 ft.
Three allowances make up the total power allowance:
area, linear, and initial. However, the initial wattage allowance applies one
time to the entire site. It is not considered for usage for this roadway piece
which would only be one small part of the site. All allowances are based on
Lighting Zone 2 and can be found in Table 6-4 (Table 140.7-A of the Energy
Code).
The
area wattage allowance is equal to 85.5 W.
The
linear wattage allowance is equal to 92.3 W.
The
sum of these allowances gives a total wattage allowance for the roadway of 177.8
W.
The calculation is tabulated below.
|
Type of Allowance |
Allowance |
Area/Perimeter Value |
Power Allowance |
|
Initial, Hardscape |
200 W |
- |
not used |
|
Area, Hardscape |
0.019 W/sq. ft |
4,500 sq. ft. |
85.5 W |
|
Perimeter, Hardscape |
0.15 W/LF |
615 ft. |
92.3 W |
|
- |
- |
Total Power Allowance: |
177.8 W |
Example 6-23:
Flagpole Lighting
Question
Is the lighting power for a flagpole
exempt from the 2022 Energy Code?
Answer
Yes. Lighting for a flagpole is considered
lighting for a public monument. As described in the exceptions to §140.7(a), lighting power for public monuments is exempt
from §140.7 of the 2022 Energy Code. Note that while
the power is exempt, this lighting is still subject to the applicable control requirements of §130.2(a), §130.2(c)1|topic=(c) Controls
for Outdoor Lighting., and §130.2(c)1|topic=(c) Controls
for Outdoor Lighting. of the 2022 Energy Code.
Example 6-24: Lighting for Private
Streets
Question
Does street lighting inside a gated
community with private streets have to meet any lighting requirements?
Answer
Yes. Lighting of private streets must meet
the nonresidential outdoor lighting requirements. There are no exceptions to
§140.7(a) for private streets. The lights must meet
all applicable sections of the nonresidential lighting requirements. (The third
exception to §140.7(a) is specific to public
streets.)
Example 6-25: Lighting Control
Requirements for Outdoor Lighting Exempt From §140.7(a)
Question
For outdoor lighting, if lighting is
excluded from the outdoor power limitations per the exceptions to §140.7(a), is that lighting also excluded from the
outdoor lighting control requirements of §130.2? ‘
Answer
No. The only outdoor lighting control
exception that aligns with the outdoor power exceptions is Exception 2 to
§130.2(c)3. This means that if the lighting in
question is exempt from the power limitations, it is also exempt from the motion
sensing control requirements of §130.2(c)3. All other sections still
apply.
K.
Calculation of Allowed Lighting Power — Narrow Band Spectrum Light Source
Applications
The 2022
Energy Code includes a lighting power provision for narrow band spectrum light
source application to minimize the impact of electric light on local, active
professional astronomy or nocturnal habitat of specific local fauna. The
provision is in the format of lighting power multiplier as specified on the
footnote of Table 140.7-A (footnote 3) which reads, “Footnote 3: Narrow band
spectrum light sources with a dominant peak wavelength greater than 580 nm – as
mandated by local, state, or federal agencies to minimize the impact on local,
active professional astronomy or nocturnal habitat of specific local fauna,
shall be allowed a 2.0 lighting power allowance multiplier.”
Example 6-26: Calculating Allowed Lighting
Power for Narrow Band Spectrum Lighting
Question
The lighting system for a lot in Lighting
Zone 2 is being designed next to an active, professional astronomical
observatory. The parking lot is 800 sq. ft. with a perimeter of 280 linear feet.
All lighting within 10 miles of the observatory is required by a local ordinance
to use a narrow band spectrum light source with a wavelength above 580 nm to be
compatible within the telescopes’ ability to filter out stray light while
capturing most of the wavelengths of light from the night sky. Spectral power
distributions of two amber light sources are shown in the two images in Figure
6-21a.
Figure 6-21a Spectral Distribution of Light Source
Product A and B
Image Source:
Clanton Associates
Question 1: Which of these products meet
criteria for “narrow band spectrum” light sources?
Question 2: What is the allowed lighting
power for this parking lot with and without the use of a narrow band spectrum
light source?
Answer
Answer 1: Narrow band spectrum light
sources are those which have a spectral power distribution closely distributed
around the wavelength of peak spectral power. There are no spectral power
limitations on the wavelengths that are within 20 nm of the peak wavelength. As
the spectrum diverges from the peak wavelength, the allowed relative spectral
power declines rapidly.
Between 20 to 75nm from peak wavelength,
the spectral power shall be no greater than 50% of the peak spectral power.
Beyond 75 nm the spectral power shall be
no greater than 10% of the peak spectral power. This distribution is reflected
in the narrow ban spectrum criteria line centered around the peak wavelength in
Figure 6-21b. As shown in the figure, Product A is a narrow band spectrum light
source as it fits within the spectral power criteria, whereas Product B does not
comply as the spectral power exceeds the narrow band criteria.
Figure 6-21b Spectral
Distribution with Narrow Band Criteria Superimposed
Image Source: Clanton
Associates
Answer 2: To claim the two times
multiplier for narrow band spectrum light sources, as described in footnote 3 to
Table 140.7-A, the project must comply with all three of the following
criteria:
1. The light source must have a narrow
band spectrum (true for product A).
2. The dominant peak wavelength must be
greater than 580 nm (true for product A with a peak wavelength of 600
nm).
3. The narrow band spectrum and dominant
peak wavelength of the light source must be greater than 580 nm as mandated by
local, state, federal agencies, to minimize the impact on local, active
professional astronomy or on the nocturnal habitat of specific local fauna. (The
credit is not available unless the ordinance specifically calls out a
requirement for a narrow band spectrum.)
The allowed wattage without the narrow
spectrum multiplier is calculated as follows:
Allowed Wattage = (Area Wattage Allowance)
x (Area, sq. ft.) + (Linear Wattage Allowance) x (Perimeter Length, linear ft.)
+ (Initial Wattage Allowance)
The asphalt parking lot is 800 sq. ft.
with a perimeter of 280 linear feet and is in Lighting Zone 2. From Table
140.7-A in the asphalt column of Lighting Zone 2, the power allowance factors
are:
Area Wattage Allowance = 0.019 W/sq. ft.,
Linear Wattage Allowance = 0.15 W/lf, and Initial Wattage Allowance = 200
Watts.
Allowed Wattage = (0.019 W/sq. ft) x (800
sq. ft.) + (0.15 W/lf) x (280 lf) + (200 W) = 257.2 Watts
If the design makes use of narrow band
light sources and meets all three criteria of footnote 3 to Table 140.7-A, the
allowed wattage is multiplied by 2.
Narrow Band Allowed Wattage = Allowed
Wattage x 2 = 257.2 W x 2 = 514.4 Watts.
Example 6-27: Low Blue Content Light Source
Design
Question
A
lighting system is being designed for a similar parking lot as in Example 6-23
except that it is next to a wildlife refuge and all outdoor lighting near the
refuge is required by a local ordinance to use low blue content light sources to
minimize the lighting impact on nocturnal animals.
If
the designer specifies a narrow band spectrum light source (such as Product A in
Example 6-23), can the designer make use of the narrow band spectrum lighting
power allowance multiplier in determining the lighting power
allowance?
Answer:
To
claim the two-times multiplier for narrow band spectrum light sources, as
described in footnote 3 to Table 140.7-A, the project must comply with all three
of the following criteria:
1.
The light source must have a narrow band spectrum.
2.
The dominant peak wavelength must be greater than 580 nm.
3.
The narrow band spectrum and dominant peak wavelength of the light source be
greater than 580 nm, as mandated by local, state, federal agencies to minimize
the impact on local, active professional astronomy or on the nocturnal habitat
of specific local fauna (The credit is not available unless the ordinance
specifically calls out a requirement for a narrow band spectrum.)
For this example, the narrow band spectrum credit is not
available since the local ordinance called for low blue light content without
specifying this had to be accomplished with narrow band spectrum light sources
with a dominant peak wavelength greater than 580 nm. As a result, the two-times
multiplier for narrow band spectrum light sources cannot be used in calculating
the lighting power allowance for this project.
The lighting power
allowances for specific applications provide additional lighting power that can
be layered in addition to the general hardscape lighting power allowances
as applicable.
Most of a
site will be classified as general hardscape and will be calculated using Table
6-4 (Table 140.7-A of the Energy Code) as the only source of allowance.
Some
portions of the site may fit use categories that permit the inclusion of an
additional lighting allowance for that portion of the site. These specific
applications are detailed in Table 6-5 (Table 140.7-B of the Energy Code).
Additional allowances for specific applications can be per application, per
hardscape area, per specific application unit length, or per specific
application area.
Hardscape
ornamental lighting is calculated independent of the rest of the specific
applications. See Section 6.5.3E for more information about the hardscape
ornamental lighting allowance.
Table 6-4 (From Table 140.2-B):
Additional Lighting Power Allowance for Specific Applications
|
Lighting
Application
WATTAGE ALLOWANCE PER APPLICATION. Use all that apply as
appropriate. |
Lighting
Zone 0 |
Lighting
Zone 1 |
Lighting
Zone 2 |
Lighting
Zone 3 |
Lighting
Zone 4 |
|
Building
Entrances or Exits. Allowance per door. Luminaires must be within 20
feet of the door. |
Not applicable |
9
watts |
15
watts |
19
watts |
21
watts |
|
Primary
Entrances to Senior Care Facilities, Police Stations, Healthcare
Facilities, Fire Stations, and Emergency Vehicle
Facilities. Allowance per primary entrance(s) only. Primary
entrances are entrances that provide access for the general public. This
allowance is in addition to the building entrance or exit allowance
above. Luminaires must be within 100 feet of the primary entrance. |
Not applicable |
20
watts |
40
watts |
57
watts |
60
watts |
|
Drive Up
Windows. Allowance per customer service location. Luminaires
must be within 2 mounting heights of the sill of the window. |
Not applicable |
16
watts |
30
watts |
50
watts |
75
watts |
|
Vehicle Service
Station Uncovered Fuel Dispenser.
Allowance per fueling dispenser. Luminaires must be within 2 mounting
heights of the dispenser. |
Not applicable |
55
watts |
77
watts |
81
watts |
135
watts |
|
ATM Lighting.
Allowance per ATM. Luminaires must be within 50 feet of the
dispenser. |
Not applicable |
100 watts for first ATM, 35 watts for each additional
ATM. |
100 watts for first ATM, 35 watts for each additional
ATM |
100 watts for first ATM, 35 watts for each additional
ATM |
100 watts for first ATM, 35 watts for each additional
ATM |
|
Lighting
Application
WATTAGE ALLOWANCE PER UNIT LENGTH (w/linear ft.). May be
used for one or two frontage side(s) per site. |
Lighting Zone 0 |
Lighting Zone 1 |
Lighting Zone 2 |
Lighting Zone 3 |
Lighting Zone 4 |
|
Outdoor Sales
Frontage. Allowance for frontage
immediately adjacent to the principal viewing
location(s) and unobstructed for its viewing length. A corner sales
lot may include two adjacent sides provided that a different principal
viewing location exists for each side. Luminaires must be located between
the principal viewing location and the frontage outdoor sales area. |
Not applicable |
No Allowance |
11
W/linear ft. |
19
W/linear ft. |
25
W/linear ft. |
|
Lighting
Application
WATTAGE ALLOWANCE
PER HARDSCAPE AREA (W/sq. ft.). May be used for any
illuminated hardscape area on the site |
Lighting Zone 0 |
Lighting Zone 1 |
Lighting Zone 2 |
Lighting Zone 3 |
Lighting Zone 4 |
|
Hardscape
Ornamental Lighting. Allowance for the total site
illuminated hardscape area. Luminaires must be rated for 50 watts or less
and be post-top luminaires, lanterns, pendant luminaires, or
chandeliers. |
Not applicable |
No Allowance |
0.007
W/ ft2. |
0.013
W/ ft2 |
0.019
W/ ft2 |
|
Lighting
Application
WATTAGE ALLOWANCE
PER SPECIFIC AREA (W/sq. ft.). May be used as appropriate provided that
only one is used for a given area (i.e., provided that two allowances are
not applied to the same area). |
Lighting Zone 0 |
Lighting Zone 1 |
Lighting Zone 2 |
Lighting Zone 3 |
Lighting Zone 4 |
|
Building
Facades. Only areas of building façade that are
illuminated qualify for this allowance. Luminaires must be aimed at the
façade and capable of illuminating it without obstruction or interference
by permanent building features or other objects. |
Not applicable |
No Allowance |
0.100
W/ ft2 |
0.170
W/ ft2 |
0.225
W/ ft2 |
|
Outdoor Sales
Lots. Allowance for uncovered sales lots used exclusively
for the display of vehicles or other merchandise for sale. Driveways,
parking lots or other non-sales areas are considered hardscape areas even
if these areas are completely surrounded by sales lots on all sides.
Luminaires must be within 5 mounting heights of the sales lot area. |
Not applicable |
0.060
W/ ft2 |
0.210
W/ ft2 |
0.280
W/ ft2 |
0.485
W/ ft2 |
|
Vehicle Service
Station Hardscape. Allowance for the total illuminated
hardscape area less area of buildings, under canopies, off property, or
obstructed by signs or structures. Luminaires must be illuminating the
hardscape area and must not be within a building, below a canopy, beyond
property lines, or obstructed by a sign or other structure. |
Not applicable |
0.006
W/ ft2 |
0.068
W/ ft2 |
0.138
W/ ft2 |
0.200
W/ ft2 |
|
Vehicle Service
Station Canopies. Allowance for the total area within the
drip line of the canopy. Luminaires qualifying for this allowance shall be
located under the canopy. |
Not applicable |
0.220
W/ ft2 |
0.430
W/ ft2 |
0.580
W/ ft2 |
1.010
W/ ft2 |
|
Sales
Canopies. Allowance for the total area within the drip line
of the canopy. Luminaires must be located under the canopy. |
Not applicable |
No Allowance |
0.470
W/ ft2 |
0.622
W/ ft2 |
0.740
W/ ft2 |
|
Non-sales
Canopies and Tunnels. Allowance for the total area within
the drip line of the canopy or inside the tunnel. Luminaires must be
located under the canopy or tunnel. |
Not applicable |
0.057
W/ ft2 |
0.137
W/ ft2 |
0.270
W/ ft2 |
0.370
W/ ft2 |
|
Guard
Stations. Allowed up to 1,000 square feet per vehicle lane.
Guard stations provide access to secure areas controlled by security
personnel who stop and may inspect vehicles and vehicle occupants,
including identification, documentations, vehicle license plates, and
vehicle contents. Qualifying luminaires shall be within 2 mounting height
of a vehicle lane or the guardhouse. |
Not applicable |
0.081
W/ ft2 |
0.176
W/ ft2 |
0.325
W/ ft2 |
0.425
W/ ft2 |
|
Student
Pick-up/Drop-off zone. Allowance for the area of the student
pick-up/drop-off, with or without canopy, for preschool through
12th grade school campuses. A student pick-up/drop off zone is
a curbside, controlled traffic area on a school campus where students are
picked-up and dropped off from vehicles. The allowed area shall be the
smaller of the actual width or 25 feet, times the smaller of the actual
length or 250 feet. Qualifying luminaires shall be within 2 mounting
heights of the student pick-up/drop-off zone. |
Not applicable |
No Allowance |
0.056
W/ ft2 |
0.200
W/ ft2 |
No Allowance |
|
Outdoor
Dining. Allowance for the total illuminated hardscape of
outdoor dining. Outdoor dining areas are hardscape areas used to serve and
consume food and beverages. Qualifying luminaires shall be within 2
mounting heights of the hardscape area of outdoor dining. |
Not applicable |
0.004
W/ ft2 |
0.030
W/ ft2 |
0.050
W/ ft2 |
0.075
W/ ft2 |
|
Special Security
Lighting for Retail Parking and Pedestrian Hardscape. This
additional allowance is for illuminated retail parking and pedestrian
hardscape identified as having special security needs. This allowance
shall be in addition to the building entrance or exit allowance. |
Not applicable |
0.004
W/ ft2 |
0.005
W/ ft2 |
0.010
W/ ft2 |
No Allowance |
|
Security
Cameras. This additional
allowance is for illuminated general hardscape area. This allowance shall
apply when a security camera is installed within 2 mounting heights of the
general hardscape area and mounted more than 10 feet away from a
building. |
Not applicable |
No allowance |
0.018
W ft2 |
0.018
W/ ft2 |
0.018
W/
ft2 |
Source: California Energy
Commission
Assigned lighting applications must be
consistent with the actual use of the area. Outdoor lighting definitions
in §100.1. must be used to determine appropriate lighting
applications.
Specific applications that are
based on the number of specific application instances on the site are calculated
by multiplying each instance by the allowed wattage per instance.
Specific applications that are
based on the length of an instance on the site are calculated by multiplying the
total length of the instance by the allowance per linear foot for the
application.
L.
General Hardscape Power Trade-Offs
Allowed lighting power determined
according to §140.7(d)1
for general hardscape lighting may be traded to specific applications in §140.7(d)2
if the hardscape area from which the lighting power is traded continues to be
illuminated in accordance with §140.7(d)1A.
M.
Specific Allowances Power Trade-Offs Not Allowed
Allowed lighting power for specific
applications shall not be traded between specific applications, or to general
hardscape lighting in §140.7(d)1.
For each specific application, the allowed lighting power is the smaller of the
allowed power determined for that specific application according to Table
140.7-B, or the actual installed lighting power that is used in that specific
application.
N.
Wattage Allowance per Application
The applications in this category
are provided with additional lighting power, in watts (W) per instance, as
defined in Table 6-5 (Table 140.7-B of the Energy Code). Use all that apply as
appropriate. Wattage allowances per application are available for the following
areas:
•
Building entrances or exits.
•
Primary entrances of senior care facilities, police stations, healthcare
facilities, fire stations, and emergency vehicle facilities.
•
Drive-up windows. See Section 6.5.4F for additional information about
drive-up windows
•
Vehicle service station uncovered fuel dispenser. See Section 6.5.4C for
additional information about vehicle service stations.
• ATM
lighting
O.
Wattage Allowance for Outdoor Sales Frontage Application
The
wattage allowance per linear foot is available only for outdoor sales frontage
immediately adjacent to the principal viewing location(s) and unobstructed for
its viewing length. A corner sales lot may include two adjacent sides provided
that a different principal viewing location exists for each side. Luminaires
qualifying for this allowance shall be located between the principal viewing
location and the frontage outdoor. The outdoor sales frontage allowance is
calculated by multiplying the total length of qualifying sales frontage by the
outdoor sales frontage lighting allowance in Table 6-5 (Table 140.7-B of the
Energy Code). See Section 6.5.4B for additional information about sales
frontage.
P.
Wattage Allowance per Hardscape Ornamental Lighting
Application
The
ornamental lighting allowance on the site is calculated by multiplying the total
illuminated hardscape for the site by the hardscape ornamental lighting
allowance in Table 6-5 (Table 140.7-B of the Energy Code), in watts per square
foot (W/ft2). Luminaires qualifying for this allowance shall be rated
for 50 W or less as determined in accordance with §130.0(c)|topic=(c) Luminaire
classification and power. and shall be post-top luminaires,
lanterns, pendant luminaires, or chandeliers. This additional wattage allowance
may be used for any illuminated hardscape area on the site. See Section 6.5.4E
for additional information about ornamental lighting.
Q.
Wattage Allowance per Specific Area
Applications in this
category are provided with additional lighting power per specific area, in watts
per square foot (W/ sq. ft.), as defined in Table 6-5 (Table 140.7-B of the
Energy Code). Wattage allowances per specific area are available for the
following applications:
1.
Building Facades
Only areas of building
façade that are illuminated shall qualify for this allowance. Luminaires
qualifying for this allowance shall be aimed at the façade and shall be capable
of illuminating it without obstruction or interference by permanent building
features or other objects. See Section 6.5.4A for additional information about
building facades.
2.
Outdoor Sales Lots
Allowance for uncovered
sales lots used exclusively for the display of vehicles or other merchandise for
sale. Driveways, parking lots or other non-sales areas shall be considered
hardscape areas, not outdoor sales lots, even if these areas are completely
surrounded by sales lot on all sides. Luminaires qualifying for this allowance
shall be within 5 mounting heights of the sales lot area. See Section 6.5.4B for
more information.
3.
Vehicle Service Station Hardscape
Allowance for the total
illuminated hardscape area less area of buildings, under canopies, off property,
or obstructed by signs or structures. Luminaires qualifying for this allowance
shall be illuminating the hardscape area and shall not be within a building,
below a canopy, beyond property lines, or obstructed by a sign or other
structure. See Section 6.5.4C for additional information about vehicle service
station hardscape.
4.
Vehicle Service Station Canopies
Allowance for the total
area within the drip line of the canopy. Luminaires qualifying for this
allowance shall be located under the canopy. See Section 6.5.4C for additional
information about vehicle service station canopies.
5.
Sales Canopies
Allowance for the total
area within the drip line of the canopy. Luminaires qualifying for this
allowance shall be located under the canopy. See Section 6.5.4D for additional
information about lighting under canopies.
6.
Non-Sales Canopies and Tunnels
Allowance for the total
area within the drip line of the canopy or inside the tunnel. Luminaires
qualifying for this allowance shall be located under the canopy or tunnel. See
Section 6.5.4D for additional information about lighting under canopies.
7.
Guard Stations
Allowance up to 1,000
sq. ft. per vehicle lane. Guard stations provide access to secure areas
controlled by security personnel who stop and may inspect vehicles and vehicle
occupants, including identification, documentation, vehicle license plates, and
vehicle contents. Qualifying luminaires shall be within 2 mounting heights of a
vehicle lane or the guardhouse. See Section 6.5.4G for additional information
about guarded facilities.
8.
Student Pick-Up/Drop-Off Zone
Allowance for the area
of the student pickup/drop-off zone, with or without canopy, for preschool
through twelfth grade school campuses. A student pick-up/drop off zone is a
curbside, controlled traffic area on a school campus where students are picked
up and dropped off from vehicles. The allowed area shall be the smaller of the
actual width or 25 ft., multiplied by the smaller of the actual length or 250
ft. Qualifying luminaires shall be within 2 mounting heights of the student
pick-up/drop-off zone.
9.
Outdoor Dining
Allowance for the total
illuminated hardscape of outdoor dining. Outdoor dining areas are hardscape
areas used to serve and consume food and beverages. Qualifying luminaires shall
be within 2 mounting heights of the hardscape area of outdoor dining.
10.
Special Security Lighting for Retail Parking and Pedestrian Hardscape
This additional
allowance is for illuminated retail parking and pedestrian hardscape identified
as having special security needs. This allowance shall be in addition to the
building entrance or exit allowance.
11.
Security Cameras
This additional
allowance is for the illuminated general hardscape area. This allowance shall
apply when a security camera is installed within 2 mounting heights of the
general hardscape area and mounted more than 10 feet away from a building. See
Section 6.5.4H for additional information about security cameras.
Figure 6-2:
Example of a Security Camera That Does Not Qualify for Additional Lighting Power
Allowance for Security Cameras
Image: California Energy Commission
A. Building Façades
Building façade
is defined in §100.1. as the exterior surfaces of a building, not
including horizontal roofing, signs, and surfaces not visible from any public
viewing location. Only areas of building façade that are illuminated should
qualify for this allowance. Luminaires qualifying for this allowance should be
aimed at the façade and should be capable of illuminating it without obstruction
or interference by permanent building features or other objects.
Building
façades and architectural features may be illuminated by flood lights, sconces,
or other lighting
attached to the building. Building façade lighting is not permitted in Lighting
Zone 0 and Lighting Zone 1. Façade orientations that are not illuminated and
façade areas that are not illuminated because the lighting is obstructed shall
not be included. General site illumination, sign lighting, and/or lighting for other specific applications
can be attached to the side of a building and not be considered façade lighting.
Wall packs mounted on sides of the buildings are not considered façade lighting
when most of the light exiting these luminaires lands on areas other than the
building façade.
Example 6-28: Calculating the Allowance for a Projected
Area
Question
Image: California Energy
Commission
A
city wants to illuminate its city hall (in Lighting Zone 3) on two sides (two
façades). The structure is a three-story building with a
colonnade on the second and third floors and a cornice above. The columns are
considered important architectural features and the principal goal of the
lighting project is to highlight these features. The columns are 30 ft. tall x 3
ft. in diameter and are spaced at 8 ft. For the purposes of determining the
lighting power allowance for the building, what is the surface area to be
illuminated? What is the lighting power allowance? The columns will be
illuminated by downlights at the cornice and uplights above the first
floor.
Answer
The
area of the façade for the purposes of calculating the lighting allowance is the
projected area of the illuminated façade. Architectural features such as
columns, recesses, facets, etc. are ignored. The illuminated area for each
façade is therefore 30 ft. x 150 ft. or 4,500 sq. ft. The façade allowance for
Lighting Zone 3 is 0.17 W/sq. ft., so the total power allowed is 765 W per
façade, or 1,530 W total.
|
Type
of Allowance |
Allowance |
Area/Perimeter
Value |
Power
Allowance |
|
Facade
|
0.17
W/ sq. ft. |
4,500
sq. ft. |
765
W per facade |
|
- |
- |
Total
Power Allowance: |
1,530
W |
Example 6-29: Permanent vs. Temporary Façade
Lighting
Question
I am designing a hotel building. Permanently mounted
marquee lights will be installed along the corners of the building. The lighting
will be turned on at night, but only for the holiday season, roughly between
mid-November and mid-January. The lighting consists of a series of 7 W LED
luminaires spaced at 12 inches on-center (OC) along all the corners of the
building and along the top of the building. Essentially, the lights provide an
outline of the building. Are these considered façade lighting? Because they will
only be used for two months of the year, are they considered temporary lighting and
therefore exempt from lighting power allowance requirements?
Image:
California Energy Commission
Answer
The lighting is permanent lighting and must comply with
the Energy Code. Temporary lighting is defined in §100.1. as a lighting installation with plug-in connections
that does not persist beyond 60 consecutive days or more than 120 days per year.
Anything that is permanently mounted to the building is considered permanent
lighting, and the hours of intended use do not affect its status as permanent
lighting. Because this lighting is primarily used to accent the architectural
outline of the building, it may be considered façade lighting. And because all
corners of the building are illuminated, all four facades may be illuminated.
The area on each façade is 80 ft. x 100 ft. or 8,000 sq. ft. The total
illuminated area is four times 8,000 sq. ft. or 32,000 sq. ft. The Lighting Zone
3 allowance for façade lighting is 0.17 W/sq. ft., and the specific application
power allowance for façade lighting is 5,440 W.
There are 100 ft. x 4 plus 80 ft. x 4 luminaires (a
total of 720 luminaires) on the building. Each luminaire is 7 W. The installed
power is 720 luminaires times 7 W/luminaire or 5,040 W. The installed power is
less than the specific application power allowance, so the façade lighting
complies. If this building were in Lighting Zone 2, the specific application
power allowance would be 0.1 W/sq. ft. or a total of 3,200 W. The lighting
design would not comply in Lighting Zone 2.
|
Type
of Allowance |
Allowance |
Area/Perimeter
Value |
Power
Allowance |
|
Facade |
0.17
W/ sq. ft. |
32,000
sq. ft. |
5,440
W |
|
- |
- |
Total
Power Allowance: |
5,440
W |
Example 6-30: Power Allowance for Façades
Question
Portions of the front façade of a proposed wholesale
store in Lighting Zone 3 are going to be illuminated. The front wall dimensions
are 120 ft. by 20 ft. There is 250 sq. ft. of fenestration in the front wall
that is illuminated by the façade lighting. Signs cover another 500 sq. ft. of
the front wall, and another 400 sq. ft. is not illuminated at all. What is the
allowed front façade lighting power?
Answer
The
gross wall area is 2,400 sq.
ft. (120 x 20). However, we must subtract
all those areas that are not illuminated. Note that because the 250 sq. ft. of
fenestration is intended to be illuminated by the façade lighting, this area may
be included in the total area eligible for power calculations.
The
areas not eligible for power calculations include:
500
sq. ft. of signs + 400 sq.
ft. of unlighted façade = 900 sq. ft.
The
net wall area used for façade lighting: 2,400 sq. ft. - 900
sq. ft. = 1,500 sq.
ft.
From
Table 6-5 (Table 1407-B of the Energy Code), the allowed façade lighting power
density in Lighting Zone 3 is 0.17 W/ sq.
ft.
The
allowed façade lighting power based on the net wall area is 1,500 sq. ft. x 0.17
W/ sq. ft. = 255 W.
The allowed power is therefore the smaller of actual
wattage used for façade lighting or 255 W.
|
Type
of Allowance |
Allowance |
Area/Perimeter
Value |
Power
Allowance |
|
Facade |
0.17
W/ sq. ft. |
1,500
sq. ft. |
255
W |
|
- |
- |
Total
Power Allowance: |
255
W |
Example 6-31: Sign Lighting
Question
Is sign lighting part of my façade lighting?
Answer
The sign area must be subtracted from the façade area so
that the area is not double- counted. The sign lighting must meet the
requirements of the Energy Code for sign lighting. See Chapter 7 for more
information about sign lighting.
Example 6-32: Hardscape vs. Façade
Lighting
Question
If I
mount a luminaire on the side of my building to illuminate an area, is it
considered façade lighting or hardscape lighting?
Answer
It depends on the primary intent of the luminaire. For
example, if the luminaire is primarily illuminating the walls (such as a sconce), then it
should be considered part of the building façade lighting. If, on the other
hand, the luminaire is primarily illuminating the parking lot beyond (most wall
packs), then it should be part of the hardscape lighting. It should be noted
that lighting power tradeoffs are not allowed between building façade and
hardscape areas.
S.
Sales Frontage
This
additional allowance is intended to accommodate the retailers’ need to highlight
merchandise to motorists who drive by their lot. Outdoor sales frontage
includes car lots but can also include any sales activity.
Outdoor
sales frontage must be immediately adjacent to the principal viewing
location(s) and unobstructed for its viewing length. A corner sales lot may
include two adjacent sides provided that a different principal viewing location
exists for each side. Luminaires qualifying for this allowance shall be located
between the principal viewing location and the frontage outdoor. The outdoor
sales frontage allowance is calculated by multiplying the total length of
qualifying sales frontage by the outdoor sales frontage lighting allowance in
Table 147-B of the Energy Code.
When a
sales lot qualifies for the sales frontage allowance, the total sales lot
wattage allowance is determined by adding the following three layers:
•
General hardscape lighting power allowance
•
Outdoor sales frontage
• Outdoor sales
lot
T.
Vehicle Service
Stations
According
to the definition in §100.1., a vehicle service station
is a gasoline, natural gas, diesel, or other fuel-dispensing station. In addition to
allowances for building entrances and exits, hardscape ornamental lighting,
building façade, and outdoor dining allowances, as appropriate, the total
wattage allowance specifically applying to vehicle service station hardscape is
determined by adding the following layers, as appropriate:
•
General hardscape lighting power allowance
•
Vehicle service station uncovered fuel dispenser (allowance per fueling
dispenser, with 2 mounting heights of dispenser)
•
Vehicle service station hardscape (less area of buildings, under
canopies, off property, or obstructed by signs or other structures)
•
Vehicle service station canopies (within the drip line of the canopy)
The
lighting power allowances are listed in Table 140.7-B of the Energy Code.
Example 6-33: Canopy Area and Hardscape
Area
Question
Where does canopy area end and hardscape area
start?
Answer
The horizontal projected area of the canopy on the
ground establishes the area for under-canopy lighting power calculations. This
area also referred to as the “drip line” of the canopy.
U.
Under Canopies
According
to the definition in §100.1., a “canopy” is a
permanent structure, other than a parking garage, consisting of a roof and supporting
building elements, with the area beneath at least partially open to the
elements. A canopy may be freestanding or attached to surrounding structures. A
canopy roof may serve as the floor of a structure above.
The
definition of a canopy states that a canopy is not a parking garage. A parking
garage is classified as an unconditioned interior space, whereas a canopy is
classified as an outdoor space.
The
lighting power allowance for a canopy depends on its purpose. Service station
canopies are treated separately. (See the previous section.) The two types of
canopies addressed in this section are those that are used for sales and those
that are not. Non-sales canopies include covered walkways and covered entrances
to hotels, office buildings, convention centers and other buildings. Sales
canopies specifically cover and protect an outdoor sales area, including garden
centers, covered automobile sales lots, and outdoor markets with permanent
roofs. The lighting power allowances are listed in Table 140.7-B of the Energy
Code.
The area
of a canopy is defined as the “horizontal projected area,” in plan view,
directly underneath the canopy. This area is also referred to as the “drip line”
of the canopy. Canopy lighting, either sales or non-sales, shall comply
separately; for example, trade-offs are not permitted between other specific
lighting applications or with general site illumination.
General
site lighting or other specific applications lighting and/or sign lighting that
is attached to the sides or top of a canopy cannot be considered canopy
lighting. For example, internally illuminated translucent panels on the
perimeter of a canopy are considered sign lighting, while the lighting
underneath the canopy and directed toward the ground is canopy lighting.
Example 6-34: Power Allowance Under
Canopies
Question
The
first floor of an office tower in Lighting Zone 3 is setback 20 ft. on the
street side. The width of the recessed façade is 150 ft. The primary purpose of
the setback (and canopy) is to provide a suitable entrance to the office tower;
however, space under the canopy is leased as newsstand, a flower cart, and a
shoeshine stand. These commercial activities occupy about half of the space
beneath the canopy. What is the allowed lighting power?
Answer
The total canopy area is 20 ft. x 150 ft. or 3,000 sq.
ft. The general hardscape allowance for the site will need to be separately
determined. The canopy allowance is an additional layer allowed only for the
canopy area. The 1,500 sq. ft. used for the flower cart, newsstand, and
shoeshine stand is considered a sales canopy, and the allowance is 0.622
W/ sq. ft. or a total of 933 W. The other 1,500 sq. ft. is a
non-sales canopy, and the allowance is 0.270 W/sq. ft. or a total of 405 W.
Trade-offs are not permitted between the sales portion and the non-sales
portions.
|
Type of Allowance |
Allowance |
Area/Perimeter Value |
Power Allowance |
|
Non-Sales Canopy |
0.270W/ sq. ft. |
1,500 sq. ft. |
405 W |
|
Sales Canopy |
0.622 w/ sq. ft. |
1,500 sq. ft. |
933 W |
|
- |
- |
Total Power Allowance: |
1,338 W |
V.
Ornamental Lighting
“Ornamental lighting” is
defined in §100.1. as post-top luminaires, lanterns, pendant
luminaires, chandeliers, and marquee lighting. However,
marquee lighting does not qualify for the ornamental lighting allowance. The
allowances for ornamental lighting are listed in Table 140.7-B of the Energy
Code.
The
ornamental lighting allowance on the site is calculated by multiplying the total
illuminated hardscape for the site by the hardscape ornamental lighting
allowance in Table 140.7-B. This allowance is calculated separately and is not
accumulated into the other allowances. This additional wattage allowance may be
used for any illuminated hardscape area on the site.
Luminaires used for
ornamental lighting as defined in Table 140.7-B shall have a rated wattage, as
listed on a permanent, preprinted, factory-installed label, of 50 W or less.
Example 6-35: Bollard Luminaires
Question
Are
bollard luminaires considered ornamental lighting?
Answer
No, Ornamental lighting is defined in Table 140.7-B of
the Energy Code as post-top luminaires, lanterns, pendant luminaires,
chandeliers.
W. Drive-Up Windows
Drive-up
windows are common for fast food restaurants, banks, and parking lot entrances.
To qualify, a drive-up window must have someone working behind the “window.” Automatic ticket
dispensers at parking lots do not count.
The
lighting power allowances are listed in Table 140.7-B of the Energy Code as a
wattage allowance per application.
The
wattage allowance in Lighting Zone 3 is 125 W for each drive-up window.
Luminaires qualifying for
this allowance must be within 2 mounting heights of the sill of the window.
Example 6-36: Power Allowance for Drive-Up
Window
Question
A
drive-up window in Lighting Zone 2 has width of 7 ft. What is the allowed
lighting power for this drive-up window?
Answer
The width of a drive-up window in not used for
determining the allowed wattage. In Lighting Zone 2, 30 W is allowed for each
drive-up window.
X.
Guard Stations
Guard
stations include the entrance driveway, gatehouse, and guardhouse that provide
access to secure areas controlled by security personnel who stop and may inspect
vehicles and vehicle occupants, including identification documentation, vehicle
license plates, and vehicle contents.
There is
an allowance of up to 1,000 sq. ft. per vehicle lane. Qualifying luminaires
shall be within 2 mounting heights of a vehicle lane or the guardhouse.
The power
allowances for guarded facilities are listed in Table 140.7-B of the Energy
Code.
Example 6-37: Specific Application Power Allowance for
Guard Stations
Question
A guard station to the research campus of a defense
contractor consists of a guard station building of 300 sq. ft. Vehicles enter to
the right of the station and exit to the left. What is the outdoor lighting power
allowance? The guard station is located in Lighting Zone 2.
Answer
Since there are two vehicle lanes, the specific
application allowance for a guard station located in Lighting Zone 2 is 2 lanes
x 300 sq. ft. x 0.176 W/sq. ft. or 105.6 W.
Y. Security Cameras
Security
cameras for general hardscape areas apply to nonbuilding-mounted security
cameras that require higher levels of general illumination to identify objects
or determine what activities are occurring in a space.
This
allowance applies for any general hardscape areas where a security camera is
installed within two camera mounting heights of the general hardscape area. The
camera must be mounted at least 10 feet away from an adjacent building to
qualify for this allowance. This allowance can be applied to the entire general
hardscape area associated with the camera’s field of view.
The power
allowances for security cameras are listed in Table 140.7-B of the Energy
Code.
Example 6-38: Power Allowance for Security
Cameras
Question
My building has two parking lots located on either side
of the building. The parking lot on the east is 180 ft. long and 130 ft. wide
and has two security cameras mounted on the building. The parking lot to the
west is 180 ft. long and 250 ft. wide and has security cameras mounted on the
light poles. This building is in Lighting Zone 2. What is the outdoor lighting
power allowance I can use?
Answer
Since the parking lots are located on separate sides of
the building, the power allowances must be calculated separately for each
parking lot. The security camera allowance applies only to the parking lot on
the west side of the building, since these cameras are mounted on poles more
than 10 feet away from the building (see Example 6-36).
First the general hardscape allowance for both parking
lots in Lighting Zone 2 must be calculated.
The east parking lot general hardscape area is 180 ft. x
130 ft., or 23,400 sq. ft. The area wattage allowed is 23,400 sq. ft. x 0.019
W/sq. ft. or 444.6 W.
The perimeter of this hardscape is the sum of the sides
180 ft. + 130 ft. + 180 ft. + 130 ft. or 620 ft. The linear wattage allowed is
620 ft. x 0.15 W/sq. ft. or 93 W.
The initial wattage allowance will be split between the
east and the west parking lots. Half the initial wattage allowance is equal to
100 W.
The general hardscape allowance for the east parking lot
is 637.6 W (444.6 W+ 93 W + 100 W).
Similarly, the west parking lot general hardscape area
is 180 ft. x 205 ft., or 36,900 sq. ft. The area wattage allowed is 36,900 sq.
ft. x 0.019 W/sq. ft. or 701.1 W.
The perimeter of this hardscape is the sum of the sides
180 ft. + 205 ft. + 180 ft. + 205 ft. or 770 ft. The linear wattage allowed is
770 ft. x 0.15 W/sq. ft. or 115.5 W.
The initial wattage allowance will be split between the
east and the west parking lots. Half the initial wattage allowance is equal to
100 W.
The general hardscape allowance for the west parking lot
is 916.6 W (701.1 W + 115.5 W + 100 W).
The security camera allowance can then be applied to the
west parking lot general hardscape allowance. The west parking lot general
hardscape area is 180 ft. x 250 ft. or 36,900 sq. ft. The west parking lot
security camera allowance is 36,900 sq. ft. x 0.018 W/sq. ft. or 664.2
W.
The total wattage allowance for the west parking lot is
916.6 W + 664.2 W or 1580.8 W.
The calculation for the west parking lot can be
tabulated as below.
|
Type of Allowance |
Allowance |
Area/Perimeter Value |
Power Allowance |
|
Initial, Gen. Hardscape |
100 W |
- |
100 W |
|
Area, Gen. Hardscape |
0.019 W/sq. ft |
36,900 sq. ft. |
701.1 W |
|
Perimeter, Gen. Hardscape |
0.15 W/LF |
770 ft. |
115.5 W |
|
Security Camera |
0.018 w/ sq. ft. |
36,900 sq. ft. |
664.2 W |
|
|
- |
Total Power Allowance: |
1,580.8 W |
Example 6-39: Application of Security
Cameras
Question
My building has a security camera mounted to a building
above a side entry door facing the loading dock. Can I apply the security camera
allowance to the loading dock general hardscape area?
Answer
No, the security camera allowance does not apply to the
outdoor lighting system of the building as these are building-mounted security
cameras. The security camera allowance applies only to security cameras that are
installed within 2 mounting heights of the general hardscape area and mounted
more than 10 feet away from buildings.