5.6   General Requirements for Prescriptive Lighting

See section 5.5 of this chapter for the prescriptive daylighting requirements.

5.6.1    Requirements for a Compliant Building    

A building complies with §140.6 if:

i.    The Calculation of Actual Indoor Lighting Power of all proposed building areas combined, when calculated in accordance with §140.6(a) is no greater than the Calculation of Allowed Indoor Lighting Power, Specific Methodologies calculated under §140.6(c); and

ii.    The Calculation of Allowed Indoor Lighting Power, General Rules comply with §140.6(b); and

iii.   General lighting complies with the Automatic Daylighting Controls in Secondary Daylit Zone requirements in §140.6(d).

5.6.2    Calculation of Actual Indoor Lighting Power    

(a)  The actual indoor Lighting Power of all building areas is the total watts of all planned permanent and portable lighting systems in all areas of the proposed building.

(b)  Some adjustments are available to reduce the actual indoor lighting power that must be reported. These adjustments are discussed in section 5.4.5 of this chapter.

5.6.3    Portable Office Lighting

The Standards (§140.6(a)) require that all planned portable lighting be counted toward the building’s lighting energy use, regardless of the function area in which it is planned for.

Because office furniture is typically not installed until after the building inspection is complete, there are special provisions for portable lighting in office areas. Up to 0.3 watts per square foot of portable lighting for office areas shall not be required to be included in the calculation of actual indoor Lighting Power. However, if more than 0.3 watts per square foot of portable lighting is installed in office areas, any portable lighting wattage above 0.3 watts per square foot shall be required to be included in the calculation of actual indoor Lighting Power.

The Standards define portable lighting as lighting with plug-in connections for electric power, that is: table and freestanding floor lamps; attached to modular furniture; workstation task luminaires; luminaires attached to workstation panels; attached to movable displays; or attached to other personal property.

5.6.4    Two interlocked lighting systems

A.   For only the following five specifically function areas, as defined in §100.1(b), the Standards accommodate two different lighting systems to be installed:

1.   Auditorium

2.   Convention center

3.   Conference room

4.   Multipurpose room

5.   Theater

All other function areas are permitted to install only one lighting system.

B.   No more than two lighting systems may be used for these five specifically defined function areas, and if there are two lighting systems, they must be interlocked.

C.  Where there are two interlocked lighting systems, the watts of the lower wattage system may be excluded from determining the actual indoor Lighting Power if:

1.   Before two interlocked lighting systems will be recognized for compliance with the lighting requirements in Part 6 of Title 24, the person who is eligible under Division 3 of the Business and Professions Code to accept responsibility for the construction or installation of features, materials, components, or manufactured devices shall sign and submit the Certificate of Installation.

If any of the requirements in the Certificate of Installation fail the installation tests, the two interlocked lighting systems shall not be recognized for compliance with the lighting Standards; and

2.   The two lighting systems shall be interlocked with a Nonprogrammable Double-Throw Switch to prevent simultaneous operation of both systems.

3.   For compliance with the Standards a Nonprogrammable Double-Throw Switch is an electrical switch commonly called a "single pole double throw" or "three-way" switch that is wired as a selector switch allowing one of two loads to be enabled. It can be a line voltage switch or a low voltage switch selecting between two relays. It cannot be overridden or changed in any manner that would permit both loads to operate simultaneously.

5.6.5    Reduction of wattage through controls (PAFs)    

The Standards provide Power Adjustment Factors (PAFs) when specific lighting controls are installed, provided those lighting controls are not required by the Standards.

A Power Adjustment Factor is an adjustment, or credit, to the actual installed lighting power in a space, so that when completing the compliance documentation, some of the installed lighting power is not counted toward the building’s total installed lighting load.

In calculating actual installed indoor Lighting Power, the installed watts of a luminaire providing general lighting in a function area 'listed in TABLE 5-3 may be reduced by multiplying the number of watts controlled (as described in TABLE 5-3) times the applicable Power Adjustment Factor (PAF).

To qualify for a PAF, the following conditions are required to be met:

1.   Before a Power Adjustment Factor will be allowed for compliance with §140.6 of Part 6 of Title 24, the person who is eligible under Division 3 of the Business and Professions Code to accept responsibility for the construction or installation of features, materials, components, or manufactured devices shall sign and submit the Certificate of Installation.

If any of the requirements in this Certificate of Installation fail the Power Adjustment Factor installation tests, the installation shall not be eligible for using the PAF; and

2.   Luminaires and controls meet the applicable requirements of §110.9, and §130.0 through 130.5; and

3.   The controlled lighting is permanently installed general lighting systems and the controls are permanently installed nonresidential-rated lighting controls. (Thus, for example, portable lighting, portable lighting controls, and residential rated lighting controls shall not qualify for PAFs.)

a.   There are furniture mounted lighting systems that are installed to provide general lighting. When used for determining PAFs for general lighting in offices, furniture mounted luminaires that comply with all of the following conditions shall qualify as permanently installed general lighting systems:

i.    The furniture mounted luminaires shall be permanently installed no later than the time of building permit inspection; and

ii.    The furniture mounted luminaires shall be permanently hardwired; and

iii.   The furniture mounted lighting system shall be designed to provide indirect general lighting. It may also have elements that provide direct task lighting; and

iv.  Before multiplying the installed watts of the furniture mounted luminaire by the applicable PAF, 0.3 watts per square foot of the area illuminated by the furniture mounted luminaires shall be subtracted from installed watts of the furniture mounted luminaires to account for portable lighting; and

v.   The lighting control for the furniture mounted luminaire complies with all other applicable requirements in §140.6(a)2.

4.   At least 50 percent of the light output of the controlled luminaire is within the applicable area 'listed in TABLE 5-3. Luminaires on lighting tracks shall be within the applicable area in order to qualify for a PAF.

5.   Only one PAF from TABLE 5-3 may be used for each qualifying luminaire. PAFs shall not be added together unless specifically allowed in TABLE 5-3.

6.   Only lighting wattage directly controlled in accordance with §140.6(a)2 shall be used to reduce the calculated actual indoor Lighting Power Densities as allowed by §140.6(a)2. If only a portion of the wattage in a luminaire is controlled in accordance with §140.6(a)2, then only that portion of controlled wattage may be reduced in calculating actual indoor Lighting Power.

7.   Lighting controls used to qualify for a PAF shall be designed and installed 'in 'addition to 'manual, multi-level, and automatic lighting controls required in §130.1, and 'in 'addition to any other lighting controls required by any provision of the Standards.

EXCEPTION to §140.6(a)2G: Lighting controls designed and installed for the sole purpose of compliance with §130.1(b)3 (these are the additional lighting controls required for compliance with the multi-level lighting control requirements) may be used to qualify for a PAF, provided the lighting controls are designed and installed 'in 'addition to all manual, and automatic lighting controls otherwise required in §130.1.

8.   To qualify for the PAF for a Partial-ON Occupant Sensing Control in TABLE 5-3, a Partial-On Occupant Sensing Control shall meet all of the following requirements:

a.   The control shall automatically deactivate all of the lighting power in the area within 30 minutes after the room has been vacated; and

b.   The first stage shall automatically activate between 30-70 percent of the lighting power in the area and may be a switching or dimming system; and

c.   The second stage shall require manual activation of the alternate set of lights, and this manual-ON requirements shall not be capable of conversion from manual-ON to automatic-ON functionality via manual switches or dip switches; and

d.   Switches shall be located in accordance with §130.1(a) and shall allow occupants to manually do all of the following regardless of the sensor status: activate the alternate set of lights in accordance with item (iii); activate 100 percent of the lighting power; and deactivate all of the lights.

9.   To qualify for the PAF for an occupant sensing control controlling the general lighting in large open plan office areas above workstations, in accordance with TABLE 5-3, the following requirements shall be met:

a.   The total open plan office area shall be greater than 250 square feet; and

b.   This PAF shall be available only in office areas which contain workstations; and

c.   Controlled luminaires shall only be those which provide general lighting directly above the controlled area, or furniture mounted luminaires that comply with §140.6(a)2 and provide general lighting directly above the controlled area; and

d.   Qualifying luminaires shall be controlled by occupant sensing controls that meet all of the following requirements, as applicable:

i.    Infra-red sensors shall be equipped by the manufacturer, of fitted in the field by the installer, with lenses or shrouds to prevent them from being triggered by movement outside of the controlled area.

ii.    Ultrasonic sensors shall be tuned to reduce their sensitivity to prevent them from being triggered by movements outside of the controlled area.

iii.   All other sensors shall be installed and adjusted as necessary to prevent them from being triggered by movements outside of the controlled area.

e.   The PAF shall be applied only to the portion of the installed lighting power that is controlled by the occupant sensors, not to the total installed lighting power.

f.    The value of the PAF (0.2, 0.3 or 0.4) depends on how many workstations are controlled together by the same occupant sensor.

Figure 5-16 To Qualify for the PAF for Occupancy Sensing Controls in Open-Plan Offices, Sensors Must be Tuned to the Controlled Area

10. To qualify for the PAF for a Manual Dimming System PAF or a Multiscene Programmable Dimming System PAF in TABLE 5-3, the lighting shall be controlled with a control that can be manually operated by the user.

11. To qualify for the PAF for a Demand Responsive Control in TABLE 5-3, a Demand Responsive Control shall meet all of the following requirements:

a.   Because buildings larger than 10,000 square feet are required to have demand responsive controls, to qualify for the PAF, the building shall be 10,000 square feet or smaller; and

b.   The controlled lighting shall be capable of being automatically reduced in response to a demand response signal; and

c.   Lighting shall be reduced in a manner consistent with uniform level of illumination requirements in TABLE 5-3; and

d.   Spaces that are non-habitable shall not be used to comply with this requirement, and spaces with a lighting power of less than 0.5 watts per square foot shall not be counted toward the building’s total lighting power.

12. To qualify for the PAF for Combined Manual Dimming plus Partial-ON Occupant Sensing Control in TABLE 5-3, (i) the lighting controls shall comply with the applicable requirements in §140.6(a)2J; and (ii) the lighting shall be controlled with a dimmer control that can be manually operated, or with a multi-scene programmable control that can be manually operated.

TABLE 5-3: (Table 140.6-A in the Standards) Lighting Power Density Adjustment Factors (PAF)

5.6.6    Lighting Wattage Not Counted Toward Building Load    

The Standards do not require lighting power of certain types of luminaires in specific function areas, or for specific purposes, to be counted toward a building’s installed lighting power.

Any nonresidential indoor lighting function not specifically 'listed below shall comply with all applicable nonresidential indoor lighting requirements in the Standards. For example, lighting in guestrooms of hotels is not required to be counted for compliance with §140.6, however, lighting in all other function areas within a motel are required to comply with all applicable requirements in §140.6. Also, lighting in within the guestrooms is regulated by the low-rise residential lighting Standards.

The watts of the following indoor lighting applications are not required to be counted toward the actual installed indoor Lighting Power.

A.   In theme parks: Lighting for themes and special effects.

B.   Studio lighting for film or photography provided that these lighting systems are 'in 'addition to and separately switched from a general lighting system.

C.  Lighting for dance floors, lighting for theatrical and other live performances, and theatrical lighting used for religious worship, provided that these lighting systems are additions to a general lighting system and are separately controlled by a multiscene or theatrical cross-fade control station accessible only to authorized operators.

D.  In civic facilities, transportation facilities, convention centers, and hotel function areas: Lighting for temporary exhibits, if the lighting is an addition to a general lighting system and is separately controlled from a panel accessible only to authorized operators.

E.   Lighting installed by the manufacturer in walk-in freezers, vending machines, food preparation equipment, and scientific and industrial equipment.

F.   In medical and clinical buildings: Examination and surgical lights, low-ambient night-lights, and lighting integral to medical equipment, provided that these lighting systems are additions to and separately switched from a general lighting system.

G.  Lighting for plant growth or maintenance, if it is controlled by a multi-level astronomical time-switch control that complies with the applicable provisions of §110.9.

H.  Lighting equipment that is for sale.

I.    Lighting demonstration equipment in lighting education facilities.

J.   Lighting that is required for exit signs subject to the CBC. Exit signs shall meet the requirements of the Appliance Efficiency Regulations.

K.   Exitway or egress illumination that is normally off and that is subject to the CBC.

L.   In hotel/motel buildings: Lighting in guestrooms (lighting in hotel/motel guestrooms shall comply with §130.0(b). (Indoor lighting not in guestrooms shall comply with all applicable nonresidential lighting requirements in Part 6.)

M.  In high-rise residential buildings: Lighting in dwelling units (Lighting in high-rise residential dwelling units shall comply with §130.0(b).) (Indoor lighting not in dwelling units shall comply with all applicable nonresidential lighting requirements in Part 6.)

N.  Temporary lighting systems. Temporary Lighting is defined by the Standards as a lighting installation with plug-in connections, which does not persist beyond 60 consecutive days or more than 120 days per year.

O.  Lighting in occupancy group U buildings less than 1,000 square feet.

P.   Lighting in unconditioned agricultural buildings less than 2,500 square feet.

Q.  Lighting systems in qualified historic buildings, as defined in the State Historic Building Code (Title 24, Part 8), are exempt from the Lighting Power allowances, if they consist solely of historic lighting components or replicas of historic lighting components. If lighting systems in qualified buildings contain some historic lighting components or replicas of historic components, combined with other lighting components, only those historic or historic replica components are exempt. All other lighting systems in qualified historic buildings shall comply with the Lighting Power allowances.

R.  Lighting in nonresidential parking garages for seven or less vehicles: Lighting in nonresidential parking garages for seven or less vehicles shall comply with the applicable residential parking garage provisions of §150.0(k).

S.   Lighting for signs: Lighting for signs shall comply with §140.8.

T.   Lighting for automatic teller machines that are located inside parking garages.

U.  Lighting in refrigerated cases less than 3,000 square feet. (Lighting in refrigerated cases less than 3,000 square feet shall comply with the Title 20 Appliance Efficiency Regulations).

V.   Lighting in elevators where the lighting meets the requirements of ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1, 2010.