6.5 Prescriptive Measures
6.5.1 Outdoor Lighting Power Compliance
An outdoor lighting installation complies with the Energy Code if the actual outdoor lighting power is no greater than the allowed outdoor lighting power. This section describes the procedures and methods for complying with §140.7.
The allowed outdoor lighting power is the sum of the general hardscape allowance, and additional lighting power allowances.
- The general hardscape allowance is for luminaires that provide general hardscape lighting to hardscape areas such as parking lots, walkways, roadways, and other improved areas that are illuminated. The general hardscape allowance is calculated using the general hardscape area and perimeter length.
- Additional lighting power allowances are used for specific outdoor lighting applications such as outdoor dining areas, building entrances and exits, and outdoor sales frontage. These allowances are calculated per application (W per occurrence), per unit length (W/ft.), or per area (W/ft2).
The allowed lighting power must be calculated for the general hardscape lighting of the site and for specific applications if desired. (See §140.7(d))
The allowed outdoor lighting power is calculated by lighting zone as defined in §10-114. Local governments may amend lighting zones in compliance with §10-114. See Section 6.4.1 for more information about amending outdoor ordinances by local jurisdictions.
The actual power of outdoor lighting is the total wattage of all nonexempt lighting systems that will be installed (including ballast, driver, or transformer loss) (See §140.7[c]). The wattage of outdoor luminaires must be determined in accordance with §130.0(c) or Reference Nonresidential Appendix NA8. See Section 5.3 for more information about determining luminaire wattage.
H. Allowed Lighting Power
The Energy Code establish maximum allowed outdoor lighting power that can be installed. The allowed outdoor lighting power must be determined according to the outdoor lighting zone in which the site is located. See Section 6.3 for more information about outdoor lighting zones.
An outdoor lighting installation complies with the lighting power requirements if the actual outdoor lighting power installed is no greater than the allowed outdoor lighting power calculated under §140.7(d) and complies with certain stipulations associated with specific special application allowances. The allowed lighting power shall be the combined total of the sum of the general hardscape lighting allowance determined in accordance with §140.7(d)1, and the sum of the additional lighting power allowance for specific applications determined in accordance with §140.7(d)2.
I. Illuminated Area
With indoor lighting applications, the entire floor area is illuminated for the determining the allowed lighting power. However, for outdoor lighting applications, the number of luminaires, mounting heights and layout affect the presumed illuminated area and, therefore, the allowed lighting power.
The area of the lighting application may not include any areas on the site that are not illuminated. The area beyond the last luminaire is considered illuminated only if it is located within 5 mounting heights of the nearest luminaire.
In plan view of the site, the “illuminated area” is defined as any hardscape area within a square pattern around each luminaire or pole that is 10 times the luminaire mounting height, with the luminaire in the middle of the pattern. Another way to envision this is to consider an illuminated area from a single luminaire as the area that is 5 times the mounting height in four directions.
Illuminated areas shall not include any area that is obstructed by any other structure, including a sign, within a building, or areas beyond property lines.
The primary purpose for validating the illuminated area is to exclude any areas that are not illuminated. Areas that are illuminated by more than one luminaire shall not be double-counted. An area is either illuminated or it is not illuminated.
When luminaires are located farther apart (more than 10 times their mounting height apart), then the illuminated area stops at 5 times the mounting height of each luminaire.
Planters and small landscape areas are included within the general hardscape area if the short dimension of the inclusion is less than 10 ft. wide, and the inclusion is bordered on at least three sides.
Landscape areas that are greater than 10 ft. wide in the short dimension are excluded from the general hardscape area calculation, but the perimeter of these exclusions may be included.
6.5.2 General Hardscape Lighting Power Allowance
The general hardscape allowance is calculated based on the general hardscape area, perimeter length and lighting zone that the property is located in.
J. Calculation of Allowed Lighting Power — General Hardscape Lighting Power Allowance
Hardscape is defined in §100.1. as an improvement to a site that is paved and has other structural features, including, but not limited to, curbs, plazas, entries, parking lots, site roadways, driveways, walkways, sidewalks, bikeways, water features and pools, storage or service yards, loading docks, amphitheaters, outdoor sales lots, and private monuments and statuary.
Determine the general hardscape lighting power allowances as follows:
- The general hardscape area of a site shall include parking lot(s), roadway(s), driveway(s), sidewalk(s), walkway(s), bikeway(s), plaza(s), bridge(s), tunnel(s), and other improved area(s) that are illuminated. In plan view of the site, determine the illuminated hardscape area, which is defined as any hardscape area that is within a square pattern around each luminaire or pole that is 10 times the luminaire mounting height with the luminaire in the middle of the pattern, less any areas that are within a building, beyond the hardscape area, beyond property lines, or obstructed by a structure. The illuminated hardscape area shall include portions of planters and landscaped areas that are within the lighting application and are less than or equal to 10 feet wide in the short dimensions and are enclosed by hardscape or other improvement on at least three sides. Multiply the illuminated hardscape area by the area wattage allowance (AWA) from Table 6-4 (Table 140.7-A) for the appropriate lighting zone.
- Determine the perimeter length of the general hardscape area. The total hardscape perimeter is the length of the actual perimeter of the illuminated hardscape on the property. It shall not include portions of hardscape that are not illuminated according to §140.7(d)1A. Multiply the hardscape perimeter by the linear wattage allowance (LWA) for hardscape from Table 6-4 (Table 140.7-A) for the appropriate lighting zone. Generally, if there is an enclosed exclusion in the area AWA calculation, the perimeter may be included in the LWA calculation.
- The perimeter length for hardscape around landscaped areas and permanent planters shall be determined as follows:
- Landscaped areas completely enclosed within the hardscape area, and with a width or length a minimum of 10 feet wide, shall have the perimeter of the landscaped areas or permanent planter added to the hardscape perimeter length.
- Landscaped areas completely enclosed within the hardscape area, and with a width or length less than 10 feet wide, shall not be added to the hardscape perimeter length.
- Landscaped edges that are not abutting the hardscape shall not be added to the hardscape perimeter length.
- Determine the initial wattage allowance (IWA). The IWA can be used one time per site. The purpose is to provide additional watts for small sites, or for odd hardscape geometries. Add the IWA for general hardscape lighting from Table 6-4 (Table 140.7-A) for the appropriate lighting zone.
- The general hardscape lighting allowance shall be the sum of the allowed watts determined from (1), (2) and (3) above.
Refer to Figure 6-1 for a concept layout of the general hardscape lighting allowance for area, and perimeter, as well as initial wattage allowance.
Table 6-3 (Table 140.7-A): General Hardscape Lighting Power Allowance
Type of Power Allowance MOD | Lighting Zone 03 | Lighting Zone 13 | Lighting Zone 23 | Lighting Zone 33 | Lighting Zone 43 |
Area Wattage Allowance (AWA) | No allowance 1 | 0.016 W/ft 2 | 0.019 W/ ft 2 . | 0.021 W/ft 2 | 0.024 W/ ft 2 |
Linear Wattage Allowance (LWA) | No allowance 1 | 0.13 W/lf | 0.15 W/lf | 0.20 W/lf | 0.29 W/lf |
Initial Wattage Allowance (IWA) | No allowance 1 | 150 W | 200 W | 250 W | 320 W |
Footnotes to Table:
1 Continuous lighting is explicitly prohibited in Lighting Zone 0. A single luminaire of 15 Watts or less may be installed at an entrance to a parking area, trail head, fee payment kiosk, outhouse, or toilet facility, as required to provide safe navigation of the site infrastructure. Luminaires installed shall meet the maximum zonal lumen limits as specified in 130.2.
2 RESERVED.
3 Narrow band spectrum light sources with a dominant peak wavelength greater than 580 nm – as mandated by local, state, or federal agencies to minimize the impact on local, active professional astronomy or nocturnal habitat of special local fauna – shall be allowed a 2.0 lighting power allowance multiplier.
Table 140.7-A from the Energy Standards
The allowed lighting power for general hardscape lighting is calculated using the following components:
- Area wattage allowance (AWA), which is expressed in watts per sq. ft.
- Linear wattage allowance (LWA), which is expressed in watts per linear foot.
- Initial wattage allowance (IWA), which is a flat allowance for each property and is expressed in watts.
To determine the total allowed power for general hardscape lighting, use the equation:
General Hardscape Lighting Power Allowance = (Hardscape Area x AWA) + (Perimeter Length of Hardscape Area x LWA) + IWA
Example 6-15: Outdoor Lighting for Healthcare Facilities
Question
Is the parking lot outside of a healthcare facility (“I” occupancy) regulated by the Energy Code?
Answer
Healthcare facilities overseen by the California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (OSHPD) must comply with California Energy Code including the outdoor lighting requirements for all outdoor areas of healthcare facilities. For outdoor lighting, a licensed healthcare facility must meet the outdoor lighting power requirements as specified in §140.7 as well as the outdoor lighting control requirements in §130.2.
Example 6-16: Hardscape Materials for Parking Lots
Question
Our overflow parking lot is covered with gravel. Is this parking lot considered “hardscape,” and must it comply with the Energy Code?
Answer
Yes, parking lots covered with gravel, or any other material used to enhance the surface to accommodate parking or travel, such as pavers, asphalt, cement, deck board, or other pervious or impervious materials are considered hardscape and must comply with the requirements for hardscape areas. Note that the updates to 140.7-A now cover all hardscape materials to the same power allowances.
Example 6-17: Power Allowance for a Parking Lot
Question
In a parking lot in front of a retail store, we are not using the full general lighting power allowed according to Table 140.7-A. Can we use the remaining allowance to illuminate the building entrance and the walkways near the store to a higher level?
Answer
Yes. Because the general hardscape power allowance is tradable, you may use the unused portion of the power allowance from the parking lot to increase the illumination levels for other lighting applications, including building entrance and walkway areas.
Example 6-18: Calculating the Illuminated Area of a Parking Lot
Question
A parking lot is illuminated by five cut-off wall packs mounted to an adjacent building. The parking lot extends 100 ft. from the building. The luminaires are mounted at a height of 15 ft. above the ground and spaced 50 ft. apart. How large is the illuminated area?
Answer
The illuminated area extends a distance equal to five times the mounting height in three directions. (The fourth direction is not counted because it is obstructed by the building.) The illuminated area, therefore, extends from the building 75 ft. The total illuminated area is 75 ft. x 350 ft. or 26,250 ft.2
Example 6-19: Calculating the Illuminated Area
Question 1
If a pole mounted luminaire has a height of 15 ft., what are the dimensions of the illuminated area used for power calculations?
Answer 1
The illuminated area is defined as any area within a square pattern around each luminaire or pole that is 10 times the luminaire mounting height, with the luminaire in the middle of the pattern. It does not include any area that is within a building, under a canopy, beyond property lines, or obstructed by a sign or structure. Therefore, for a 15 ft. pole-mounted luminaire, the area will be described by a square that is 150 ft. (15 ft. x 10) on each side, or 22,500 ft2 (150 ft. x 150 ft.), minus areas that are beyond the property line or other obstructions.
Question 2
If two poles are separated by a distance greater than 10 times the mounting height, will all of the square footage between them be included in the general hardscape area?
Answer 2
In most applications, such as parking lots, these square patterns will typically overlap, so the entire area of the parking lot between poles will typically be included in the general hardscape area when determining the lighting power budget. However, if the poles are so far apart that they exceed 10 times the mounting height of the luminaires on the poles, and the coverage squares do not overlap, then the nonilluminated areas between poles cannot be included in the general hardscape area.
Example 6-20: Calculating the Power Allowance for a Parking Lot
Question
The parking lot illustrated below has two luminaires that are mounted at a height of 25 ft. What is the illuminated hardscape area and what is the general hardscape lighting power allowance? The lot is in Lighting Zone 3.
![An image of a parking lot of 117 feet by 108 feet in length. Two 25-feet-high light poles are located in the lot. An image of a parking lot of 117 feet by 108 feet in length. Two 25-feet-high light poles are located in the lot.](/site/cache/public/images/image1/image11.jpg-1/fieldList/file_path/503022__792__612__down__95.jpg)
Image Source: California Energy Commission
Answer
The poles are 40 ft. apart, and using the 10 times mounting height rule, the illuminated area can be as large as 250 ft. by 290 ft. The boundary of this illuminated area extends beyond the edges of the parking lot as well as the entrance driveway, so the entire paved area is considered illuminated. The landscaped island in middle and peninsula below the entrance driveway are less than 10 ft. wide, so they are included as part of the illuminated area, but not part of the hardscape perimeter. The landscaped cutouts (20 x 20 ft.) in the corners of the parking lot are bound by pavement on only two sides so they are not included. The total paved area is 11,196 sq. ft. [(12,636 sq. ft. + 160 sq. ft. (driveway) – 1,600 sq. ft (cutouts)]. The perimeter of the hardscape is 470 ft. [(2 x 77 ft.) + (2 x 68 ft.) + (8 x 20 ft.) + (2 X10 ft.)].
Three allowances make up the general hardscape allowance: Area, Linear, and Initial. All allowances are based on Lighting Zone 3 and found in Table 6-3 (Table 140.7-A of the Energy Code).
The area wattage allowance is equal to 235.1 W.
The linear wattage allowance is equal to 94 W.
The initial wattage allowance (IWA) is 250 W for the entire site.
The sum of these three allowances gives a total wattage allowance for the site of 579.1 W.
The calculation is tabulated below.
Type of Allowance | Allowance | Area/Perimeter Value | Power Allowance |
Initial | 250 W | - | 250 W |
Area | 0.021 W/sq. ft. | 11,196 sq. ft. | 235.1 W |
Perimeter | 0.2 W/LF | 470 ft. | 94 W |
- | - | Total Power Allowance: | 579.1 W |
Example 6-21: General Hardscape Surface Question
Question
Before the 2022 Energy Code, Title 24-2019 allowed a higher lighting power allowance for concrete hardscape surface. If I have a concrete plaza, what is the allowed lighting power allowance I should use for Title 24-2022? The plaza is 115 ft. long and 105 ft. wide in a Lighting Zone 3 location.
Answer
The distinction between different surface material types was removed in Title 24-2022. The lighting power allowance will be based on the Lighting Zone of the project location.
For a plaza located in Lighting Zone 3 the hardscape area must first be calculated. The general hardscape area is 115 ft. x 105 ft. or 12,075 sq. ft. The linear perimeter of this hardscape is the sum of the sides 115 ft. + 105 ft. + 115 ft. + 105 ft. or 440 ft.
Three allowances make up the total power allowance: Area, Linear, and Initial.
However, the initial wattage allowance applies one time to the entire site. It will be considered for usage for this plaza assuming that there is no associated parking lot or other general hardscape area. All allowances are based on the general hardscape Lighting Zone 3 application and can be found in Table 6-3 (Table 140.7-A of the Energy Code).
The initial wattage allowance is equal to 250 W.
The area wattage allowance is equal to 253.6 W.
The linear wattage allowance is equal to 88.0 W.
The sum of these allowances gives a total wattage allowance for the plaza of 591.6 W.
The calculation is tabulated below.
Type of Allowance | Allowance | Area/Perimeter Value | Power Allowance |
Initial | 250 W | - | 250 W |
Area | 0.021 W/sq. ft | 12,075 sq. ft. | 253.6 W |
Perimeter | 0.2 W/LF | 615 ft. | 88 W |
- | - | Total Power Allowance: | 591.6 W |
Example 6-22: Calculating the Power Allowance for a Roadway
Question
A 300-ft.-long, 15-ft.-wide roadway leads through a wooded area to a hotel entrance in Lighting Zone 2, and the owner wants to light the roadway with luminaires mounted at a height of 20 ft. What is the allowed lighting power for this roadway with asphalt surface?
Answer
The hardscape area for the roadway must first be calculated. If the entire roadway will be lit, then the 20 ft. poles will not be spaced more than 200 ft. apart and not more than 100 ft. from the ends of the roadway. (Lighted area is 10 times the pole height.) The hardscape area therefore is 15 ft. x 300 ft. or 4,500 sq. ft. The linear perimeter of this hardscape is the sum of the sides (not including the side that connects to the larger site) 300 ft. + 15 ft. + 300 ft. or 615 ft.
Three allowances make up the total power allowance: area, linear, and initial. However, the initial wattage allowance applies one time to the entire site. It is not considered for usage for this roadway piece which would only be one small part of the site. All allowances are based on Lighting Zone 2 and can be found in Table 6-4 (Table 140.7-A of the Energy Code).
The area wattage allowance is equal to 85.5 W.
The linear wattage allowance is equal to 92.3 W.
The sum of these allowances gives a total wattage allowance for the roadway of 177.8 W.
The calculation is tabulated below.
Type of Allowance | Allowance | Area/Perimeter Value | Power Allowance |
Initial, Hardscape | 200 W | - | not used |
Area, Hardscape | 0.019 W/sq. ft | 4,500 sq. ft. | 85.5 W |
Perimeter, Hardscape | 0.15 W/LF | 615 ft. | 92.3 W |
- | - | Total Power Allowance: | 177.8 W |
Example 6-23: Flagpole Lighting
Question
Is the lighting power for a flagpole exempt from the 2022 Energy Code?
Answer
Yes. Lighting for a flagpole is considered lighting for a public monument.
As described in the exceptions to §140.7(a), lighting power for public monuments is exempt from §140.7 of the 2022 Energy Code. Note that while the power is exempt, this lighting is still subject to the applicable control requirements of §130.2(a), §130.2(c)1, and §130.2(c)1 of the 2022 Energy Code.
Example 6-24: Lighting for Private Streets
Question
Does street lighting inside a gated community with private streets have to meet any lighting requirements?
Answer
Yes. Lighting of private streets must meet the nonresidential outdoor lighting requirements. There are no exceptions to §140.7(a) for private streets. The lights must meet all applicable sections of the nonresidential lighting requirements. (The third exception to §140.7(a) is specific to public streets.)
Example 6-25: Lighting Control Requirements for Outdoor Lighting Exempt From §140.7(a)
Question
For outdoor lighting, if lighting is excluded from the outdoor power limitations per the exceptions to §140.7(a), is that lighting also excluded from the outdoor lighting control requirements of §130.2?
Answer
No. The only outdoor lighting control exception that aligns with the outdoor power exceptions is Exception 2 to §130.2(c)3. This means that if the lighting in question is exempt from the power limitations, it is also exempt from the motion sensing control requirements of §130.2(c)3. All other sections still apply.
K. Calculation of Allowed Lighting Power — Narrow Band Spectrum Light Source Applications
The 2022 Energy Code includes a lighting power provision for narrow band spectrum light source application to minimize the impact of electric light on local, active professional astronomy or nocturnal habitat of specific local fauna. The provision is in the format of lighting power multiplier as specified on the footnote of Table 140.7-A (footnote 3) which reads, “Footnote 3: Narrow band spectrum light sources with a dominant peak wavelength greater than 580 nm – as mandated by local, state, or federal agencies to minimize the impact on local, active professional astronomy or nocturnal habitat of specific local fauna, shall be allowed a 2.0 lighting power allowance multiplier.”
Example 6-26: Calculating Allowed Lighting Power for Narrow Band Spectrum Lighting
Question
The lighting system for a lot in Lighting Zone 2 is being designed next to an active, professional astronomical observatory. The parking lot is 800 sq. ft. with a perimeter of 280 linear feet. All lighting within 10 miles of the observatory is required by a local ordinance to use a narrow band spectrum light source with a wavelength above 580 nm to be compatible within the telescopes’ ability to filter out stray light while capturing most of the wavelengths of light from the night sky. Spectral power distributions of two amber light sources are shown in the two images in Figure 6-21a.
Figure 6-21a Spectral Distribution of Light Source Product A and B
Image Source: Clanton Associates
Question 1: Which of these products meet criteria for “narrow band spectrum” light sources?
Question 2: What is the allowed lighting power for this parking lot with and without the use of a narrow band spectrum light source?
Answer
Answer 1: Narrow band spectrum light sources are those which have a spectral power distribution closely distributed around the wavelength of peak spectral power. There are no spectral power limitations on the wavelengths that are within 20 nm of the peak wavelength. As the spectrum diverges from the peak wavelength, the allowed relative spectral power declines rapidly.
Between 20 to 75nm from peak wavelength, the spectral power shall be no greater than 50% of the peak spectral power.
Beyond 75 nm the spectral power shall be no greater than 10% of the peak spectral power. This distribution is reflected in the narrow ban spectrum criteria line centered around the peak wavelength in Figure 6-21b. As shown in the figure, Product A is a narrow band spectrum light source as it fits within the spectral power criteria, whereas Product B does not comply as the spectral power exceeds the narrow band criteria.
Figure 6-21b Spectral Distribution with Narrow Band Criteria Superimposed
Image Source: Clanton Associates
Answer 2: To claim the two times multiplier for narrow band spectrum light sources, as described in footnote 3 to Table 140.7-A, the project must comply with all three of the following criteria:
- The light source must have a narrow band spectrum (true for product A).
- The dominant peak wavelength must be greater than 580 nm (true for product A with a peak wavelength of 600 nm).
- The narrow band spectrum and dominant peak wavelength of the light source must be greater than 580 nm as mandated by local, state, federal agencies, to minimize the impact on local, active professional astronomy or on the nocturnal habitat of specific local fauna. (The credit is not available unless the ordinance specifically calls out a requirement for a narrow band spectrum.)
The allowed wattage without the narrow spectrum multiplier is calculated as follows:
Allowed Wattage = (Area Wattage Allowance) x (Area, sq. ft.) + (Linear Wattage Allowance) x (Perimeter Length, linear ft.) + (Initial Wattage Allowance)
The asphalt parking lot is 800 sq. ft. with a perimeter of 280 linear feet and is in Lighting Zone 2. From Table 140.7-A in the asphalt column of Lighting Zone 2, the power allowance factors are:
Area Wattage Allowance = 0.019 W/sq. ft., Linear Wattage Allowance = 0.15 W/lf, and Initial Wattage Allowance = 200 Watts.
Allowed Wattage = (0.019 W/sq. ft) x (800 sq. ft.) + (0.15 W/lf) x (280 lf) + (200 W) = 257.2 Watts
If the design makes use of narrow band light sources and meets all three criteria of footnote 3 to Table 140.7-A, the allowed wattage is multiplied by 2.
Narrow Band Allowed Wattage = Allowed Wattage x 2 = 257.2 W x 2 = 514.4 Watts.
Example 6-27: Low Blue Content Light Source Design
Question
A lighting system is being designed for a similar parking lot as in Example 6-23 except that it is next to a wildlife refuge and all outdoor lighting near the refuge is required by a local ordinance to use low blue content light sources to minimize the lighting impact on nocturnal animals.
If the designer specifies a narrow band spectrum light source (such as Product A in Example 6-23), can the designer make use of the narrow band spectrum lighting power allowance multiplier in determining the lighting power allowance?
Answer
To claim the two-times multiplier for narrow band spectrum light sources, as described in footnote 3 to Table 140.7-A, the project must comply with all three of the following criteria:
The light source must have a narrow band spectrum.
- The light source must have a narrow band spectrum.
- The dominant peak wavelength must be greater than 580 nm.
- The narrow band spectrum and dominant peak wavelength of the light source be greater than 580 nm, as mandated by local, state, federal agencies to minimize the impact on local, active professional astronomy or on the nocturnal habitat of specific local fauna (The credit is not available unless the ordinance specifically calls out a requirement for a narrow band spectrum.)
For this example, the narrow band spectrum credit is not available since the local ordinance called for low blue light content without specifying this had to be accomplished with narrow band spectrum light sources with a dominant peak wavelength greater than 580 nm. As a result, the two-times multiplier for narrow band spectrum light sources cannot be used in calculating the lighting power allowance for this project.
6.5.3 Additional Light Power Allowances and Requirements by Application
The lighting power allowances for specific applications provide additional lighting power that can be layered in addition to the general hardscape lighting power allowances as applicable.
Most of a site will be classified as general hardscape and will be calculated using Table 6-4 (Table 140.7-A of the Energy Code) as the only source of allowance.
Some portions of the site may fit use categories that permit the inclusion of an additional lighting allowance for that portion of the site. These specific applications are detailed in Table 6-5 (Table 140.7-B of the Energy Code). Additional allowances for specific applications can be per application, per hardscape area, per specific application unit length, or per specific application area.
Hardscape ornamental lighting is calculated independent of the rest of the specific applications. See Section 6.5.3E for more information about the hardscape ornamental lighting allowance.
Table 6-4 (From Table 140.2-B): Additional Lighting Power Allowance for Specific Applications
Lighting Application WATTAGE ALLOWANCE PER APPLICATION. Use all that apply as appropriate. | Lighting Zone 0 | Lighting Zone 1 | Lighting Zone 2 | Lighting Zone 3 | Lighting Zone 4 |
Building Entrances or Exits. Allowance per door. Luminaires must be within 20 feet of the door. | Not applicable | 9 | 15 | 19 | 21 |
Primary Entrances to Senior Care Facilities, Police Stations, Healthcare Facilities, Fire Stations, and Emergency Vehicle Facilities. Allowance per primary entrance(s) only. Primary entrances are entrances that provide access for the general public. This allowance is in addition to the building entrance or exit allowance above. Luminaires must be within 100 feet of the primary entrance. | Not applicable | 20 | 40 | 57 | 60 |
Drive Up Windows. Allowance per customer service location. Luminaires must be within 2 mounting heights of the sill of the window. | Not applicable | 16 | 30 | 50 | 75 |
Vehicle Service Station Uncovered Fuel Dispenser. Allowance per fueling dispenser. Luminaires must be within 2 mounting heights of the dispenser. | Not applicable | 55 | 77 | 81 | 135 |
ATM Lighting. Allowance per ATM. Luminaires must be within 50 feet of the dispenser. | Not applicable | 100 watts for first ATM, 35 watts for each additional ATM. | 100 watts for first ATM, 35 watts for each additional ATM | 100 watts for first ATM, 35 watts for each additional ATM | 100 watts for first ATM, 35 watts for each additional ATM |
Lighting Application | Lighting Zone 0 | Lighting Zone 1 | Lighting Zone 2 | Lighting Zone 3 | Lighting Zone 4 |
Outdoor Sales Frontage. Allowance for frontage immediately adjacent to the principal viewing location(s) and unobstructed for its viewing length. A corner sales lot may include two adjacent sides provided that a different principal viewing location exists for each side. Luminaires must be located between the principal viewing location and the frontage outdoor sales area. | Not applicable | No Allowance | 11 | 19 | 25 |
Lighting Application WATTAGE ALLOWANCE PER HARDSCAPE AREA (W/sq. ft.). May be used for any illuminated hardscape area on the site | Lighting Zone 0 | Lighting Zone 1 | Lighting Zone 2 | Lighting Zone 3 | Lighting Zone 4 |
Hardscape Ornamental Lighting. Allowance for the total site illuminated hardscape area. Luminaires must be rated for 50 watts or less and be post-top luminaires, lanterns, pendant luminaires, or chandeliers. | Not applicable | No Allowance | 0.007 | 0.013 | 0.019 |
Lighting Application WATTAGE ALLOWANCE PER SPECIFIC AREA (W/sq. ft.). May be used as appropriate provided that only one is used for a given area (i.e., provided that two allowances are not applied to the same area). | Lighting Zone 0 | Lighting Zone 1 | Lighting Zone 2 | Lighting Zone 3 | Lighting Zone 4 |
Building Facades. Only areas of building façade that are illuminated qualify for this allowance. Luminaires must be aimed at the façade and capable of illuminating it without obstruction or interference by permanent building features or other objects. | Not applicable | No Allowance | 0.100 | 0.170 | 0.225 |
Outdoor Sales Lots. Allowance for uncovered sales lots used exclusively for the display of vehicles or other merchandise for sale. Driveways, parking lots or other non-sales areas are considered hardscape areas even if these areas are completely surrounded by sales lots on all sides. Luminaires must be within 5 mounting heights of the sales lot area. | Not applicable | 0.060 | 0.210 | 0.280 | 0.485 |
Vehicle Service Station Hardscape. Allowance for the total illuminated hardscape area less area of buildings, under canopies, off property, or obstructed by signs or structures. Luminaires must be illuminating the hardscape area and must not be within a building, below a canopy, beyond property lines, or obstructed by a sign or other structure. | Not applicable | 0.006 | 0.068 | 0.138 | 0.200 |
Vehicle Service Station Canopies. Allowance for the total area within the drip line of the canopy. Luminaires qualifying for this allowance shall be located under the canopy. | Not applicable | 0.220 | 0.430 | 0.580 | 1.010 |
Sales Canopies. Allowance for the total area within the drip line of the canopy. Luminaires must be located under the canopy. | Not applicable | No Allowance | 0.470 | 0.622 | 0.740 |
Non-sales Canopies and Tunnels. Allowance for the total area within the drip line of the canopy or inside the tunnel. Luminaires must be located under the canopy or tunnel. | Not applicable | 0.057 | 0.137 | 0.270 | 0.370 |
Guard Stations. Allowed up to 1,000 square feet per vehicle lane. Guard stations provide access to secure areas controlled by security personnel who stop and may inspect vehicles and vehicle occupants, including identification, documentations, vehicle license plates, and vehicle contents. Qualifying luminaires shall be within 2 mounting height of a vehicle lane or the guardhouse. | Not applicable | 0.081 | 0.176 | 0.325 | 0.425 |
Student Pick-up/Drop-off zone. Allowance for the area of the student pick-up/drop-off, with or without canopy, for preschool through 12th grade school campuses. A student pick-up/drop off zone is a curbside, controlled traffic area on a school campus where students are picked-up and dropped off from vehicles. The allowed area shall be the smaller of the actual width or 25 feet, times the smaller of the actual length or 250 feet. Qualifying luminaires shall be within 2 mounting heights of the student pick-up/drop-off zone. | Not applicable | No Allowance | 0.056 | 0.200 | No Allowance |
Outdoor Dining. Allowance for the total illuminated hardscape of outdoor dining. Outdoor dining areas are hardscape areas used to serve and consume food and beverages. Qualifying luminaires shall be within 2 mounting heights of the hardscape area of outdoor dining. | Not applicable | 0.004 | 0.030 | 0.050 | 0.075 |
Special Security Lighting for Retail Parking and Pedestrian Hardscape. This additional allowance is for illuminated retail parking and pedestrian hardscape identified as having special security needs. This allowance shall be in addition to the building entrance or exit allowance. | Not applicable | 0.004 | 0.005 | 0.010 | No Allowance |
Security Cameras. This additional allowance is for illuminated general hardscape area. This allowance shall apply when a security camera is installed within 2 mounting heights of the general hardscape area and mounted more than 10 feet away from a building. | Not applicable | No allowance | 0.018 | 0.018 | 0.018 |
Source: California Energy Commission
Assigned lighting applications must be consistent with the actual use of the area. Outdoor lighting definitions in §100.1. must be used to determine appropriate lighting applications.
Specific applications that are based on the number of specific application instances on the site are calculated by multiplying each instance by the allowed wattage per instance.
Specific applications that are based on the length of an instance on the site are calculated by multiplying the total length of the instance by the allowance per linear foot for the application.
L. General Hardscape Power Trade-Offs
Allowed lighting power determined according to §140.7(d)1 for general hardscape lighting may be traded to specific applications in §140.7(d)2 if the hardscape area from which the lighting power is traded continues to be illuminated in accordance with §140.7(d)1A.
M. Specific Allowances Power Trade-Offs Not Allowed
Allowed lighting power for specific applications shall not be traded between specific applications, or to general hardscape lighting in §140.7(d)1. For each specific application, the allowed lighting power is the smaller of the allowed power determined for that specific application according to Table 140.7-B, or the actual installed lighting power that is used in that specific application.
N. Wattage Allowance per Application
The applications in this category are provided with additional lighting power, in watts (W) per instance, as defined in Table 6-5 (Table 140.7-B of the Energy Code). Use all that apply as appropriate. Wattage allowances per application are available for the following areas:
- Building entrances or exits.
- Primary entrances of senior care facilities, police stations, healthcare facilities, fire stations, and emergency vehicle facilities.
- Drive-up windows. See Section 6.5.4F for additional information about drive-up windows
- Vehicle service station uncovered fuel dispenser. See Section 6.5.4C for additional information about vehicle service stations.
- ATM lighting
O. Wattage Allowance for Outdoor Sales Frontage Application
The wattage allowance per linear foot is available only for outdoor sales frontage immediately adjacent to the principal viewing location(s) and unobstructed for its viewing length. A corner sales lot may include two adjacent sides provided that a different principal viewing location exists for each side. Luminaires qualifying for this allowance shall be located between the principal viewing location and the frontage outdoor. The outdoor sales frontage allowance is calculated by multiplying the total length of qualifying sales frontage by the outdoor sales frontage lighting allowance in Table 6-5 (Table 140.7-B of the Energy Code). See Section 6.5.4B for additional information about sales frontage.
P. Wattage Allowance per Hardscape Ornamental Lighting Application
The ornamental lighting allowance on the site is calculated by multiplying the total illuminated hardscape for the site by the hardscape ornamental lighting allowance in Table 6-5 (Table 140.7-B of the Energy Code), in watts per square foot (W/ft2). Luminaires qualifying for this allowance shall be rated for 50 W or less as determined in accordance with §130.0(c) and shall be post-top luminaires, lanterns, pendant luminaires, or chandeliers. This additional wattage allowance may be used for any illuminated hardscape area on the site. See Section 6.5.4E for additional information about ornamental lighting.
Q. Wattage Allowance per Specific Area
Applications in this category are provided with additional lighting power per specific area, in watts per square foot (W/ sq. ft.), as defined in Table 6-5 (Table 140.7-B of the Energy Code). Wattage allowances per specific area are available for the following applications:
1. Building Facades
Only areas of building façade that are illuminated shall qualify for this allowance. Luminaires qualifying for this allowance shall be aimed at the façade and shall be capable of illuminating it without obstruction or interference by permanent building features or other objects. See Section 6.5.4A for additional information about building facades.
2. Outdoor Sales Lots
Allowance for uncovered sales lots used exclusively for the display of vehicles or other merchandise for sale. Driveways, parking lots or other non-sales areas shall be considered hardscape areas, not outdoor sales lots, even if these areas are completely surrounded by sales lot on all sides. Luminaires qualifying for this allowance shall be within 5 mounting heights of the sales lot area. See Section 6.5.4B for more information.
3. Vehicle Service Station Hardscape
Allowance for the total illuminated hardscape area less area of buildings, under canopies, off property, or obstructed by signs or structures. Luminaires qualifying for this allowance shall be illuminating the hardscape area and shall not be within a building, below a canopy, beyond property lines, or obstructed by a sign or other structure. See Section 6.5.4C for additional information about vehicle service station hardscape.
4. Vehicle Service Station Canopies
Allowance for the total area within the drip line of the canopy. Luminaires qualifying for this allowance shall be located under the canopy. See Section 6.5.4C for additional information about vehicle service station canopies.
5. Sales Canopies
Allowance for the total area within the drip line of the canopy. Luminaires qualifying for this allowance shall be located under the canopy. See Section 6.5.4D for additional information about lighting under canopies.
6. Non-Sales Canopies and Tunnels
Allowance for the total area within the drip line of the canopy or inside the tunnel. Luminaires qualifying for this allowance shall be located under the canopy or tunnel. See Section 6.5.4D for additional information about lighting under canopies.
7. Guard Stations
Allowance up to 1,000 sq. ft. per vehicle lane. Guard stations provide access to secure areas controlled by security personnel who stop and may inspect vehicles and vehicle occupants, including identification, documentation, vehicle license plates, and vehicle contents. Qualifying luminaires shall be within 2 mounting heights of a vehicle lane or the guardhouse. See Section 6.5.4G for additional information about guarded facilities.
8. Student Pick-Up/Drop-Off Zone
Allowance for the area of the student pickup/drop-off zone, with or without canopy, for preschool through twelfth grade school campuses. A student pick-up/drop off zone is a curbside, controlled traffic area on a school campus where students are picked up and dropped off from vehicles. The allowed area shall be the smaller of the actual width or 25 ft., multiplied by the smaller of the actual length or 250 ft. Qualifying luminaires shall be within 2 mounting heights of the student pick-up/drop-off zone.
9. Outdoor Dining
Allowance for the total illuminated hardscape of outdoor dining. Outdoor dining areas are hardscape areas used to serve and consume food and beverages. Qualifying luminaires shall be within 2 mounting heights of the hardscape area of outdoor dining.
10. Special Security Lighting for Retail Parking and Pedestrian Hardscape
This additional allowance is for illuminated retail parking and pedestrian hardscape identified as having special security needs. This allowance shall be in addition to the building entrance or exit allowance.
11. Security Cameras
This additional allowance is for the illuminated general hardscape area. This allowance shall apply when a security camera is installed within 2 mounting heights of the general hardscape area and mounted more than 10 feet away from a building. See Section 6.5.4H for additional information about security cameras.
Figure 6-2: Example of a Security Camera That Does Not Qualify for Additional Lighting Power Allowance for Security Cameras
![The image shows a security camera that does not qualify for additional lighting power allowance for security cameras. The image shows a security camera that does not qualify for additional lighting power allowance for security cameras.](https://energycodeace.com/site/cache/public/images/image1/image16.jpeg-1/fieldList/file_path/503040__851__725__down__95.jpeg)
Image Source: California Energy Commission
6.5.4 Further Discussion About Additional Lighting Power Allowance for Specific Applications
R. Building Façades
Building façade is defined in §100.1. as the exterior surfaces of a building, not including horizontal roofing, signs, and surfaces not visible from any public viewing location. Only areas of building façade that are illuminated should qualify for this allowance. Luminaires qualifying for this allowance should be aimed at the façade and should be capable of illuminating it without obstruction or interference by permanent building features or other objects.
Building façades and architectural features may be illuminated by flood lights, sconces, or other lighting attached to the building. Building façade lighting is not permitted in Lighting Zone 0 and Lighting Zone 1. Façade orientations that are not illuminated and façade areas that are not illuminated because the lighting is obstructed shall not be included. General site illumination, sign lighting, and/or lighting for other specific applications can be attached to the side of a building and not be considered façade lighting. Wall packs mounted on sides of the buildings are not considered façade lighting when most of the light exiting these luminaires lands on areas other than the building façade.
Example 6-28: Calculating the Allowance for a Projected Area
Question
![This image shows a building of 150 feet wide by 150 feet long. There are up-lights on exterior at first floor and there are also cornice recessd luminaires at the building parapet. This image shows a building of 150 feet wide by 150 feet long. There are up-lights on exterior at first floor and there are also cornice recessd luminaires at the building parapet.](/site/cache/public/images/image1/image17.png-4/fieldList/file_path/503043__1320__799__down__95.png)
Image: California Energy Commission
A city wants to illuminate its city hall (in Lighting Zone 3) on two sides (two façades). The structure is a three-story building with a colonnade on the second and third floors and a cornice above. The columns are considered important architectural features and the principal goal of the lighting project is to highlight these features. The columns are 30 ft. tall x 3 ft. in diameter and are spaced at 8 ft. For the purposes of determining the lighting power allowance for the building, what is the surface area to be illuminated? What is the lighting power allowance? The columns will be illuminated by downlights at the cornice and uplights above the first floor.
Answer
The area of the façade for the purposes of calculating the lighting allowance is the projected area of the illuminated façade. Architectural features such as columns, recesses, facets, etc. are ignored. The illuminated area for each façade is therefore 30 ft. x 150 ft. or 4,500 sq. ft. The façade allowance for Lighting Zone 3 is 0.17 W/sq. ft., so the total power allowed is 765 W per façade, or 1,530 W total.
Type of Allowance
|
Allowance
|
Area/Perimeter Value
|
Power Allowance
|
Facade
|
0.17 W/ sq. ft.
|
4,500 sq. ft.
|
765 W per facade
|
-
|
-
|
Total Power Allowance:
|
1,530 W
|
Question
I am designing a hotel building. Permanently mounted marquee lights will be installed along the corners of the building. The lighting will be turned on at night, but only for the holiday season, roughly between mid-November and mid-January. The lighting consists of a series of 7 W LED luminaires spaced at 12 inches on-center (OC) along all the corners of the building and along the top of the building. Essentially, the lights provide an outline of the building. Are these considered façade lighting? Because they will only be used for two months of the year, are they considered temporary lighting and therefore exempt from lighting power allowance requirements?
![This image shows a hotel building with facade lighting along all the corners of the building and along the top of the building. This image shows a hotel building with facade lighting along all the corners of the building and along the top of the building.](/site/cache/public/images/image1/image18.png-3/fieldList/file_path/503045__981__736__down__95.png)
Image: California Energy Commission
Answer
The lighting is permanent lighting and must comply with the Energy Code. Temporary lighting is defined in §100.1. as a lighting installation with plug-in connections that does not persist beyond 60 consecutive days or more than 120 days per year. Anything that is permanently mounted to the building is considered permanent lighting, and the hours of intended use do not affect its status as permanent lighting. Because this lighting is primarily used to accent the architectural outline of the building, it may be considered façade lighting. And because all corners of the building are illuminated, all four facades may be illuminated. The area on each façade is 80 ft. x 100 ft. or 8,000 sq. ft. The total illuminated area is four times 8,000 sq. ft. or 32,000 sq. ft. The Lighting Zone 3 allowance for façade lighting is 0.17 W/sq. ft., and the specific application power allowance for façade lighting is 5,440 W.
There are 100 ft. x 4 plus 80 ft. x 4 luminaires (a total of 720 luminaires) on the building. Each luminaire is 7 W. The installed power is 720 luminaires times 7 W/luminaire or 5,040 W. The installed power is less than the specific application power allowance, so the façade lighting complies. If this building were in Lighting Zone 2, the specific application power allowance would be 0.1 W/sq. ft. or a total of 3,200 W. The lighting design would not comply in Lighting Zone 2.
Type of Allowance
|
Allowance
|
Area/Perimeter Value
|
Power Allowance
|
Facade
|
0.17 W/ sq. ft.
|
32,000 sq. ft.
|
5,440 W
|
-
|
-
|
Total Power Allowance:
|
5,440 W
|
Example 6-30: Power Allowance for Façades
Question
Portions of the front façade of a proposed wholesale store in Lighting Zone 3 are going to be illuminated. The front wall dimensions are 120 ft. by 20 ft. There is 250 sq. ft. of fenestration in the front wall that is illuminated by the façade lighting. Signs cover another 500 sq. ft. of the front wall, and another 400 sq. ft. is not illuminated at all. What is the allowed front façade lighting power?
Answer
The gross wall area is 2,400 sq. ft. (120 x 20). However, we must subtract all those areas that are not illuminated. Note that because the 250 sq. ft. of fenestration is intended to be illuminated by the façade lighting, this area may be included in the total area eligible for power calculations.
The areas not eligible for power calculations include:
500 sq. ft. of signs + 400 sq. ft. of unlighted façade = 900 sq. ft.
The net wall area used for façade lighting: 2,400 sq. ft. - 900 sq. ft. = 1,500 sq. ft.
From Table 6-5 (Table 1407-B of the Energy Code), the allowed façade lighting power density in Lighting Zone 3 is 0.17 W/ sq. ft.
The allowed façade lighting power based on the net wall area is 1,500 sq. ft. x 0.17 W/ sq. ft. = 255 W.
The allowed power is therefore the smaller of actual wattage used for façade lighting or 255 W.
Type of Allowance
|
Allowance
|
Area/Perimeter Value
|
Power Allowance
|
Facade
|
0.17 W/ sq. ft.
|
1,500 sq. ft.
|
255 W
|
-
|
-
|
Total Power Allowance:
|
255 W
|
Example 6-31: Sign Lighting
Question
Is sign lighting part of my façade lighting?
Answer
The sign area must be subtracted from the façade area so that the area is not double- counted. The sign lighting must meet the requirements of the Energy Code for sign lighting. See Chapter 7 for more information about sign lighting.
Example 6-32: Hardscape vs. Façade Lighting
Question
If I mount a luminaire on the side of my building to illuminate an area, is it considered façade lighting or hardscape lighting?
Answer
It depends on the primary intent of the luminaire. For example, if the luminaire is primarily illuminating the walls (such as a sconce), then it should be considered part of the building façade lighting. If, on the other hand, the luminaire is primarily illuminating the parking lot beyond (most wall packs), then it should be part of the hardscape lighting. It should be noted that lighting power tradeoffs are not allowed between building façade and hardscape areas.
S. Sales Frontage
This additional allowance is intended to accommodate the retailers’ need to highlight merchandise to motorists who drive by their lot. Outdoor sales frontage includes car lots but can also include any sales activity.
Outdoor sales frontage must be immediately adjacent to the principal viewing location(s) and unobstructed for its viewing length. A corner sales lot may include two adjacent sides provided that a different principal viewing location exists for each side. Luminaires qualifying for this allowance shall be located between the principal viewing location and the frontage outdoor. The outdoor sales frontage allowance is calculated by multiplying the total length of qualifying sales frontage by the outdoor sales frontage lighting allowance in Table 147-B of the Energy Code.
When a sales lot qualifies for the sales frontage allowance, the total sales lot wattage allowance is determined by adding the following three layers:
-
General hardscape lighting power allowance
-
Outdoor sales frontage
-
Outdoor sales lot
T. Vehicle Service Stations
According to the definition in §100.1., a vehicle service station is a gasoline, natural gas, diesel, or other fuel-dispensing station. In addition to allowances for building entrances and exits, hardscape ornamental lighting, building façade, and outdoor dining allowances, as appropriate, the total wattage allowance specifically applying to vehicle service station hardscape is determined by adding the following layers, as appropriate:
-
General hardscape lighting power allowance
-
Vehicle service station uncovered fuel dispenser (allowance per fueling dispenser, with 2 mounting heights of dispenser)
-
Vehicle service station hardscape (less area of buildings, under canopies, off property, or obstructed by signs or other structures)
-
Vehicle service station canopies (within the drip line of the canopy)
The lighting power allowances are listed in Table 140.7-B of the Energy Code.
Example 6-33: Canopy Area and Hardscape Area
Question
Where does canopy area end and hardscape area start?
Answer
The horizontal projected area of the canopy on the ground establishes the area for under-canopy lighting power calculations. This area also referred to as the “drip line” of the canopy.
U. Under Canopies
According to the definition in §100.1, a “canopy” is a permanent structure, other than a parking garage, consisting of a roof and supporting building elements, with the area beneath at least partially open to the elements. A canopy may be freestanding or attached to surrounding structures. A canopy roof may serve as the floor of a structure above.
The definition of a canopy states that a canopy is not a parking garage. A parking garage is classified as an unconditioned interior space, whereas a canopy is classified as an outdoor space.
The lighting power allowance for a canopy depends on its purpose. Service station canopies are treated separately. (See the previous section.) The two types of canopies addressed in this section are those that are used for sales and those that are not. Non-sales canopies include covered walkways and covered entrances to hotels, office buildings, convention centers and other buildings. Sales canopies specifically cover and protect an outdoor sales area, including garden centers, covered automobile sales lots, and outdoor markets with permanent roofs. The lighting power allowances are listed in Table 140.7-B of the Energy Code.
The area of a canopy is defined as the “horizontal projected area,” in plan view, directly underneath the canopy. This area is also referred to as the “drip line” of the canopy. Canopy lighting, either sales or non-sales, shall comply separately; for example, trade-offs are not permitted between other specific lighting applications or with general site illumination.
General site lighting or other specific applications lighting and/or sign lighting that is attached to the sides or top of a canopy cannot be considered canopy lighting. For example, internally illuminated translucent panels on the perimeter of a canopy are considered sign lighting, while the lighting underneath the canopy and directed toward the ground is canopy lighting.
Example 6-34: Power Allowance Under Canopies
Question
The first floor of an office tower in Lighting Zone 3 is setback 20 ft. on the street side. The width of the recessed façade is 150 ft. The primary purpose of the setback (and canopy) is to provide a suitable entrance to the office tower; however, space under the canopy is leased as newsstand, a flower cart, and a shoeshine stand. These commercial activities occupy about half of the space beneath the canopy. What is the allowed lighting power?
Answer
The total canopy area is 20 ft. x 150 ft. or 3,000 sq. ft. The general hardscape allowance for the site will need to be separately determined. The canopy allowance is an additional layer allowed only for the canopy area. The 1,500 sq. ft. used for the flower cart, newsstand, and shoeshine stand is considered a sales canopy, and the allowance is 0.622 W/ sq. ft. or a total of 933 W. The other 1,500 sq. ft. is a non-sales canopy, and the allowance is 0.270 W/sq. ft. or a total of 405 W. Trade-offs are not permitted between the sales portion and the non-sales portions.
Type of Allowance
|
Allowance
|
Area/Perimeter Value
|
Power Allowance
|
Non-Sales Canopy
|
0.270W/ sq. ft.
|
1,500 sq. ft.
|
405 W
|
Sales Canopy
|
0.622 w/ sq. ft.
|
1,500 sq. ft.
|
933 W
|
-
|
-
|
Total Power Allowance:
|
1,338 W
|
V. Ornamental Lighting
“Ornamental lighting” is defined in §100.1. as post-top luminaires, lanterns, pendant luminaires, chandeliers, and marquee lighting. However, marquee lighting does not qualify for the ornamental lighting allowance. The allowances for ornamental lighting are listed in Table 140.7-B of the Energy Code.
The ornamental lighting allowance on the site is calculated by multiplying the total illuminated hardscape for the site by the hardscape ornamental lighting allowance in Table 140.7-B. This allowance is calculated separately and is not accumulated into the other allowances. This additional wattage allowance may be used for any illuminated hardscape area on the site.
Luminaires used for ornamental lighting as defined in Table 140.7-B shall have a rated wattage, as listed on a permanent, preprinted, factory-installed label, of 50 W or less.
Example 6-35: Bollard Luminaires
Question
Are bollard luminaires considered ornamental lighting?
Answer
No, Ornamental lighting is defined in Table 140.7-B of the Energy Code as post-top luminaires, lanterns, pendant luminaires, chandeliers.
W. Drive-Up Windows
Drive-up windows are common for fast food restaurants, banks, and parking lot entrances. To qualify, a drive-up window must have someone working behind the “window.” Automatic ticket dispensers at parking lots do not count.
The lighting power allowances are listed in Table 140.7-B of the Energy Code as a wattage allowance per application.
The wattage allowance in Lighting Zone 3 is 125 W for each drive-up window.
Luminaires qualifying for this allowance must be within 2 mounting heights of the sill of the window.
Example 6-36: Power Allowance for Drive-Up Window
Question
A drive-up window in Lighting Zone 2 has width of 7 ft. What is the allowed lighting power for this drive-up window?
Answer
The width of a drive-up window in not used for determining the allowed wattage. In Lighting Zone 2, 30 W is allowed for each drive-up window.
X. Guard Stations
Guard stations include the entrance driveway, gatehouse, and guardhouse that provide access to secure areas controlled by security personnel who stop and may inspect vehicles and vehicle occupants, including identification documentation, vehicle license plates, and vehicle contents.
There is an allowance of up to 1,000 sq. ft. per vehicle lane. Qualifying luminaires shall be within 2 mounting heights of a vehicle lane or the guardhouse.
The power allowances for guarded facilities are listed in Table 140.7-B of the Energy Code.
Example 6-37: Specific Application Power Allowance for Guard Stations
Question
A guard station to the research campus of a defense contractor consists of a guard station building of 300 sq. ft. Vehicles enter to the right of the station and exit to the left. What is the outdoor lighting power allowance? The guard station is located in Lighting Zone 2.
Answer
Since there are two vehicle lanes, the specific application allowance for a guard station located in Lighting Zone 2 is 2 lanes x 300 sq. ft. x 0.176 W/sq. ft. or 105.6 W.
Y. Security Cameras
Security cameras for general hardscape areas apply to nonbuilding-mounted security cameras that require higher levels of general illumination to identify objects or determine what activities are occurring in a space.
This allowance applies for any general hardscape areas where a security camera is installed within two camera mounting heights of the general hardscape area. The camera must be mounted at least 10 feet away from an adjacent building to qualify for this allowance. This allowance can be applied to the entire general hardscape area associated with the camera’s field of view.
The power allowances for security cameras are listed in Table 140.7-B of the Energy Code.
Example 6-38: Power Allowance for Security Cameras
Question
My building has two parking lots located on either side of the building. The parking lot on the east is 180 ft. long and 130 ft. wide and has two security cameras mounted on the building. The parking lot to the west is 180 ft. long and 250 ft. wide and has security cameras mounted on the light poles. This building is in Lighting Zone 2. What is the outdoor lighting power allowance I can use?
Answer
Since the parking lots are located on separate sides of the building, the power allowances must be calculated separately for each parking lot. The security camera allowance applies only to the parking lot on the west side of the building, since these cameras are mounted on poles more than 10 feet away from the building (see Example 6-36).
First the general hardscape allowance for both parking lots in Lighting Zone 2 must be calculated.
The east parking lot general hardscape area is 180 ft. x 130 ft., or 23,400 sq. ft. The area wattage allowed is 23,400 sq. ft. x 0.019 W/sq. ft. or 444.6 W.
The perimeter of this hardscape is the sum of the sides 180 ft. + 130 ft. + 180 ft. + 130 ft. or 620 ft. The linear wattage allowed is 620 ft. x 0.15 W/sq. ft. or 93 W.
The initial wattage allowance will be split between the east and the west parking lots. Half the initial wattage allowance is equal to 100 W.
The general hardscape allowance for the east parking lot is 637.6 W (444.6 W+ 93 W + 100 W).
Similarly, the west parking lot general hardscape area is 180 ft. x 205 ft., or 36,900 sq. ft. The area wattage allowed is 36,900 sq. ft. x 0.019 W/sq. ft. or 701.1 W.
The perimeter of this hardscape is the sum of the sides 180 ft. + 205 ft. + 180 ft. + 205 ft. or 770 ft. The linear wattage allowed is 770 ft. x 0.15 W/sq. ft. or 115.5 W.
The initial wattage allowance will be split between the east and the west parking lots. Half the initial wattage allowance is equal to 100 W.
The general hardscape allowance for the west parking lot is 916.6 W (701.1 W + 115.5 W + 100 W).
The security camera allowance can then be applied to the west parking lot general hardscape allowance. The west parking lot general hardscape area is 180 ft. x 250 ft. or 36,900 sq. ft. The west parking lot security camera allowance is 36,900 sq. ft. x 0.018 W/sq. ft. or 664.2 W.
The total wattage allowance for the west parking lot is 916.6 W + 664.2 W or 1580.8 W.
The calculation for the west parking lot can be tabulated as below.
Type of Allowance
|
Allowance
|
Area/Perimeter Value
|
Power Allowance
|
Initial, Gen. Hardscape
|
100 W
|
-
|
100 W
|
Area, Gen. Hardscape
|
0.019 W/sq. ft
|
36,900 sq. ft.
|
701.1 W
|
Perimeter, Gen. Hardscape
|
0.15 W/LF
|
770 ft.
|
115.5 W
|
Security Camera
|
0.018 w/ sq. ft.
|
36,900 sq. ft.
|
664.2 W
|
-
|
Total Power Allowance:
|
1,580.8 W
|
Example 6-39: Application of Security Cameras
Question
My building has a security camera mounted to a building above a side entry door facing the loading dock. Can I apply the security camera allowance to the loading dock general hardscape area?
Answer
No, the security camera allowance does not apply to the outdoor lighting system of the building as these are building-mounted security cameras. The security camera allowance applies only to security cameras that are installed within 2 mounting heights of the general hardscape area and mounted more than 10 feet away from buildings.